Inter-modality influence on the brainstem using an arithmetic exercise

Abstract

This study investigates the inter-modality influence on the brainstem using a mental task (arithmetic exercise). Frequency Following Responses were recorded in quiet and noise, across four stimuli conditions (No Task, Easy, Medium, and Difficult). For the No Task, subjects were instructed to direct their attention to the presented speech vowel while no mental task was performed. For the Easy, Medium, and Difficult conditions, subjects were instructed to direct their attention to the mental task while ignoring simultaneously presented speech vowel /a/. Results from this study suggest that top-down influences such as selective attention and working memory have no significant effects at the level of the brainstem in both listening backgrounds (quiet and noise).

On the Use of Machine Learning for Classifying Auditory Brainstem Responses: A Scoping Review

“…Therefore, auditory neuroscience has progressively shifted to the use of speech stimuli (e.g. vowels, consonant vowels, and words) [3], [6], [7], [4], [8]. ABR is typically measured in an anechoic audiometric room using a three electrodes setup where a recording electrode is placed at the vertex, a reference electrode on the right ear lobe, and the ground electrode on the left ear lobe [3].…”

“…On the other hand, the steady state response (> 20ms) is analyzed in the frequency domain using fast Fourier transform (FFT). It is characterized by the envelope frequency response (EFR) and frequency following response (FFR), reflecting the ensemble phase-locked responses to speech stimulus periodicity and its fine structure, respectively [9], [8], [39]. The EFR is analyzed at the fundamental frequency F0 and its harmonics while the FFR is analyzed at the first and/or second formants, up to 1000 Hz as neural phase-locking considerably degrades above this frequency [9].…”