Intensive vegetable production results in high nitrate accumulation in deep soil profiles in China

Bai, Xinlu; Jiang, Yun; Miao, Hongzhi; Xue, Shaoqi; Chen, Zhujun; Zhou, Jianbin

doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2021.117598

Cited by 22 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…In croplands, long‐term addition of high rates of inorganic N leads to a stimulation of nitrification and

{NO}_{3}^{-}

accumulation (Bai et al, 2021). For instance, Ti et al (2015) reported that 19%–31% of the annual N inputs in vegetable production of China accumulated in soil.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Global patterns of soil gross immobilization of ammonium and nitrate in terrestrial ecosystems

Elrys

Chen

Wang

et al. 2022

Global Change Biology

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Microbial nitrogen (N) immobilization, which typically results in soil N retention but based on the balance of gross N immobilization over gross N production, affects the fate of the anthropogenic reactive N. However, global patterns and drivers of soil gross immobilization of ammonium (INH4) and nitrate (INO3) are still only tentatively known. Here, we provide a comprehensive analysis considering gross N production rates, soil properties, and climate and their interactions for a deeper understanding of the patterns and drivers of INH4 and INO3. By compiling and analyzing 1966 observations from 274 15N‐labelled studies, we found a global average of INH4 and INO3 of 7.41 ± 0.72 and 2.03 ± 0.30 mg N kg−1 day−1 with a ratio of INO3 to INH4 (INO3:INH4) of 0.79 ± 0.11. Soil INH4 and INO3 increased with increasing soil gross N mineralization (GNM) and nitrification (GN), microbial biomass, organic carbon, and total N and decreasing soil bulk density. Our analysis revealed that GNM and GN were the main stimulators for INH4 and INO3, respectively. The structural equation modeling showed that higher soil microbial biomass, total N, pH, and precipitation stimulate INH4 and INO3 through enhancing GNM and GN. However, higher temperature and soil bulk density suppress INH4 and INO3 by reducing microbial biomass and total N. Soil INH4 varied with terrestrial ecosystems, being greater in grasslands and forests, which have higher rates of GNM, than in croplands. The highest INO3:INH4 was observed in croplands, which had higher rates of GN. The global average of GN to INH4 was 2.86 ± 0.31, manifesting a high potential risk of N loss. We highlight that anthropogenic activities that influence soil properties and gross N production rates likely interact with future climate changes and land uses to affect soil N immobilization and, eventually, the fate of the anthropogenic reactive N.

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“…In croplands, long‐term addition of high rates of inorganic N leads to a stimulation of nitrification and

{NO}_{3}^{-}

accumulation (Bai et al, 2021). For instance, Ti et al (2015) reported that 19%–31% of the annual N inputs in vegetable production of China accumulated in soil.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Global patterns of soil gross immobilization of ammonium and nitrate in terrestrial ecosystems

Elrys

Chen

Wang

et al. 2022

Global Change Biology

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“…This result was due to the partial migration of pollutants in the runoff and pollutants deposited by the growing media layer to the bottom section of the growing media layer. It has been found that leached nitrates may accumulate in deep seepage areas (Bai et al 2021 ). The accumulation of heavy metals also increases with the depth of soil (Ke et al 2020 ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The migration and accumulation of typical pollutants in the growing media layer of bioretention facilities

Gong

Xie

et al. 2023

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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A series of complex physical and chemical processes, such as interception, migration, accumulation, and transformation, can occur when pollutants in stormwater runoff enter the growing media layer of bioretention facilities, affecting the purification of stormwater runoff by bioretention facilities. The migration and accumulation of pollutants in the growing media layer need long-term monitoring in traditional experimental studies. In this study, we established the Hydrus-1D model of water and solution transport for the bioretention facilities. By analyzing the variation of cumulative fluxes of NO 3 - -N and Pb with time and depth, we investigated pollutant migration and accumulation trends in the growing media layer of bioretention facilities. It can provide support for reducing runoff pollutants in bioretention facilities. The Hydrus-1D model was calibrated and verified with experimental data, and the input data (runoff pollutant concentration) for the pollutant concentration boundary was obtained from the SWMM model. The results demonstrated that the cumulative fluxes of NO 3 - -N and Pb increased with the passage of simulation time and depth of the growing media layer overall. From the top to the bottom of the growing media layer, the change rates of the peak cumulative fluxes of NO 3 - -N and Pb were strongly linked with their levels in the runoff. An increase in rainfall decreased the content of NO 3 - -N and Pb in the growing media layer, and this phenomenon was more obvious in the lower part of the layer. Graphical Abstract

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“…Synthetic mineral fertilizers, such as ammonium nitrate, urea, anhydrous ammonia, and ammonium sulphate, are the most commonly used fertilizers. Due to the convenience of application and high soil solubility, they frequently replace the application of manure in total [ 5 , 6 , 7 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Leafy Vegetable Nitrite and Nitrate Content: Potential Health Effects

Luetic

Knezović

Jurcic

et al. 2023

Foods

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The aim of this research was to determine the concentrations of nitrates and nitrites in different types of vegetables that are commonly represented in the diet of the inhabitants of Split and Dalmatian County. Therefore, using the method of random selection, there were 96 samples of different vegetables. The determination of the nitrate and nitrite concentrations was carried out by high-pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) with a diode array detector (DAD). The nitrate concentrations in the range 2.1–4526.3 mg kg−1 were found in 92.7% of the analyzed samples. The highest nitrate values were found in rucola (Eruca sativa L.) followed by Swiss chard (Beta vulgaris L.). In 36.5% of the leafy vegetables intended for consumption without prior heat treatment, nitrite was found in the range of 3.3–537.9 mg kg−1. The high levels of nitrite in the vegetables intended for fresh consumption and the high nitrate values in Swiss chard indicate the need to establish maximum nitrite limits in vegetables, as well as the broadening of legal nitrate limits to wide varieties of vegetables.

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Intensive vegetable production results in high nitrate accumulation in deep soil profiles in China

Cited by 22 publications

References 58 publications

Global patterns of soil gross immobilization of ammonium and nitrate in terrestrial ecosystems

Global patterns of soil gross immobilization of ammonium and nitrate in terrestrial ecosystems

The migration and accumulation of typical pollutants in the growing media layer of bioretention facilities

Leafy Vegetable Nitrite and Nitrate Content: Potential Health Effects

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