Intensive field surveys in conservation planning: Priorities for cactus diversity in the Saltenian Calchaquíes Valleys (Argentina)

Ortega–Baes, Pablo; Bravo, Silvia A.; Sajama, Jesús; Sühring, Silvia; Arrueta, Julio César; Sotola, Ezequiel; Alonso-Pedano, Mariana; Godoy-Bürki, Ana C.; Frizza, N.R.; Galíndez, Guadalupe; Gorostiague, Pablo; Barrionuevo, Andrea; Scopel, Ana L.

doi:10.1016/j.jaridenv.2012.02.005

Cited by 11 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Hotspots of endemic vascular plants were reported for the arid ecoregions of NOA (Zuloaga et al 1999;Aagesen et al, 2012;Godoy-Bürki et al, 2014), even though it has been reported that global hotspots of species richness are not congruent with endemism and threat (Orme et al,205). Spatial congruence between richness and endemism has been detected in the NOA at a local scale and with specific plant families (Godoy-Bürki et al, 2014), including Poaceae (Aagesen al., 2009), Cactaceae (Ortega-Baes et al, 2012) and Brassicaceae (this study). Collections from localities from the NOA (e.g., Sierra del Aguilar in Jujuy and Cumbres Calchaquíes in Tucumán) correspond mostly to the Puna (between approx.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 59%

Diversity patterns and conservation status of native argentinean crucifers (Brassicaceae)

Salariato

Zuloaga

2020

Darwiniana, nueva serie

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Global warming, coupled with habitat destruction and human activity, are accelerating the rates of species extinction worldwide. Species-extinction risk assessment using the IUCN Red List categories, together with the study of the spatial patterns of biodiversity, are fundamental approaches for identifying conservation priorities and targeting government decisions to mitigate impacts on biodiversity. Here, we analyzed the geographic distribution of Argentinean species of Brassicaceae using species point distributional data. In this way, we classified species following the IUCN threat categories at a regional level, and analyzed patterns of richness, endemism, and threat on the different ecoregions and biomes of the country. In addition, we also explored differences in elevation, annual mean temperature, annual precipitation, and aridity between endemic vs. non-endemic and threatened vs. non-threatened species. The results showed that of the 162 Argentinean taxa, 58 species were here categorized as threatened (VU, EN, or CR) (36%). However, when only endemics are considered, more than half of these (33 spp, 57%) are threatened. Although species inhabit all environments and biogeographic regions of the country, arid to semi-arid areas, which are associated to the Andes and the Patagonian steppe, contained most of the species. Specifically, the Central Andean Puna and the Patagonian steppe ecoregions included the greatest number of species, endemics, and threatened species. Furthermore, different hotspots of richness, endemism, and threat were detected along Andean regions and the Patagonian steppe, and endemics were characterized by inhabiting on average drier areas than non-endemic native species. An up-to-date species list, including conservation status, distribution maps for all species, hotspots of richness, endemism, and threat, are also provided. This work seeks to contribute to the knowledge on geographical patterns of the Argentinean flora and its conservation, complementing the information published in the Flora of Argentina.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 59%

Diversity patterns and conservation status of native argentinean crucifers (Brassicaceae)

Salariato

Zuloaga

2020

Darwiniana, nueva serie

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“…One problem of the Argentinian-protected areas is that they only focus on the protection of plants (Ortega-Baes et al, 2012) and vertebrates (Arzamendia & Giraudo, 2004;Corbalán, Tognelli, Scolaro, & Roig-Juñent, 2011;Nori et al, 2013;Tabeni, Bender, & Ojeda, 2004;Tognelli, Abba, Bender, & Seitz, 2011). Invertebrates are not considered when planning or considering protected areas, even if their need has been showed (Chehébar et al, 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of macroinvertebrates for conservation of freshwater systems

Nieto

Ovando

Loyola

et al. 2017

Ecology and Evolution

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Freshwater ecosystems are the most threatened ecosystems worldwide. Argentinianprotected areas have been established mainly to protect vertebrates and plants in terrestrial ecosystems. In order to create a comprehensive biodiverse conservation plan, it is crucial to integrate both aquatic and terrestrial systems and to include macroinvertebrates. Here, we address this topic by proposing priority areas of conservation including invertebrates, aquatic ecosystems, and their connectivity and land uses.Location: Northwest of Argentina. We modeled the ecological niches of different taxa of macroinvertebrates such as Coleoptera, Ephemeroptera, Hemiptera, Megaloptera, Lepidoptera, Odonata, Plecoptera, Trichoptera, Acari, and Mollusca. Based on these models, we analyzed the contribution of currently established protected areas in the conservation of the aquatic biodiversity and we propose a spatial prioritization taking into account possible conflict regarding different land uses. Our analysis units were the real watersheds, to which were added longitudinal connectivity up and down the rivers. A total of 132 species were modeled in the priority area analyses. The analysis 1 showed that only an insignificant percentage of the macroinvertebrates distribution is within the protected areas in the North West of Argentina. The analyses 2 and 3 recovered similar values of protection for the macroinvertebrate species. The upper part of Bermejo, Salí-Dulce, San Francisco, and the Upper part of Juramento basins were identified as priority areas of conservation. The aquatic ecosystems need special protection and 10% or even as much as 17% of land conservation is insufficient for species of macroinvertebrates. In turn the protected areas need to combine the aquatic and terrestrial systems and need to include macroinvertebrates as a key group to sustain the biodiversity. In many cases, the land uses are in conflict with the conservation of biodiversity; however, it is possible to apply the connectivity of the watersheds and create multiple-use modules.

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“…In this context, habitat loss for land gastropod conservation is very worrying. Moreover, the protected areas in Argentina were created for the protection of plants ( Ortega-Baes et al, 2012 ) and/or vertebrates ( Tabeni, Bender & Ojeda, 2004 ; Arzamendia & Giraudo, 2004 ; Corbalán et al, 2011 ; Tognelli et al, 2011 ), ignoring the invertebrates, even when their importance has been proven ( Chehébar et al, 2013 ). This situation is a worldwide problem since there are more than a million invertebrate described species but only 3,500 are protected ( Baillie, Hilton-Taylor & Stuart, 2004 ; Brooks et al, 2004 , 2006 ; Nieto et al, 2017 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Geographic distribution modeling and taxonomy of Stephadiscus lyratus (Cothouny in Gould, 1846) (Charopidae) reveal potential distributional areas of the species along the Patagonian Forests

Cuezzo

Medina

Nieto

2021

PeerJ

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Background Stephadiscus lyratus (Couthouy in Gould, 1846), an endemic Charopidae from southern South America, was described from few dry shells. The distribution of this species is known on scattering occurrences, mainly from material deposited in museum collections. We provide here new information on anatomy, habitat, and microhabitat preferences and estimate the potential geographic distribution of the species to test if it is exclusively endemic to the Subpolar Magellanic Forest. Methods Fieldwork was carried out in the National Parks of the Patagonian Forests. Snails were photographed, measured, and dissected for anatomical studies; shells were studied with scanning electron microscopy. Estimation of the species geographical distribution (EGD) was obtained through correlative ecological niche modeling (ENM). We designed a calibration area a priori with known species points of occurrence in the Magellanic Subpolar Forests and borders of the Patagonian steppe. Seven bioclimatic variables of the WorldClim database were used. The best ENMs were calibrated and selected using a maximum entropy method with Maxent v3.3.3K through the R package “kuenm”. Candidate models were created by combining four values of regularization multiplier and all possible combinations of three feature classes. We evaluated candidate model performance based on significance (partial ROC), omission rates (E = 5%), and model complexity (AICc). From the best models obtained, a final model was transferred to a region “G” consisting of the calibration area plus the Valdivian Temperate Forests and whole Patagonian steppe, where we hypothesize that the species could be present. Finally, we obtained binary presence-absence maps. We quantified the proportion of the occurrence points and distribution range of S. lyratus in different land cover categories. To explore the degree of protection of S. lyratus’EGD, we quantified the proportion of its distributional range within protected areas. Results A be-lobed kidney, a close secondary ureter, the terminal portion of the uterus forming a compact glandular mass, and the vas deferens with a dilatation are new anatomical information that distinguishes this species. Stephadiscus lyratus inhabit cold native forest areas, mainly living on or under humid logs in contact with the ground. The main constraining variables to explain S. lyratus distribution in the EGD were BIO3, BIO12, BIO6, and BIO4. The potential area of distribution obtained almost duplicates their original range (140,454 km2) extending to the Valdivian Temperate forests mainly in Chile. Natural and semi-natural terrestrial vegetation was predominant in the potential area of distribution of S. lyratus. However, only 14.7% of this area occurs within current protected areas from Argentina and Chile. The ectothermic physiological traits of this species, low dispersal capacity, and its narrow habitat requirements turn S. lyratus into a potentially vulnerable species.

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Intensive field surveys in conservation planning: Priorities for cactus diversity in the Saltenian Calchaquíes Valleys (Argentina)

Cited by 11 publications

References 26 publications

Diversity patterns and conservation status of native argentinean crucifers (Brassicaceae)

Diversity patterns and conservation status of native argentinean crucifers (Brassicaceae)

The role of macroinvertebrates for conservation of freshwater systems

Geographic distribution modeling and taxonomy of Stephadiscus lyratus (Cothouny in Gould, 1846) (Charopidae) reveal potential distributional areas of the species along the Patagonian Forests

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