Intensive Care Units, Communication Between Nurses and Physicians, and Patients’ Outcomes

Abstract

Background Various factors in hospitals can adversely affect patients' outcomes, including faulty communication between nurses and physicians. Whether specific communication elements (timeliness, accuracy, openness, understanding) can influence adverse outcomes is unknown. Objectives To determine the relationships between patients' outcomes and (1) nurses' perceptions of elements of communication between nurses and physicians and (2) characteristics of the practice environment. Methods A cross-sectional survey design was used. Information on ventilator-associated pneumonia, bloodstream infection associated with a central catheter, and pressure ulcers was collected from 25 intensive care units in southeastern Michigan. Simultaneously, 462 nurses in those units (response rate, 53.3%) were anonymously surveyed. The Conditions for Work Effectiveness Questionnaire-II and the Practice Environment Scale of the Nursing Work Index were used to measure characteristics of the practice environment. The Intensive Care Unit Nurse-Physician Questionnaire was used to measure communication between nurses and physicians. Statistical tests included correlation and multiple regression. Analyses were conducted at the unit level. Results Unit response rates varied from 6% to 100%. Together, variability in understanding communication and capacity utilization were predictive of 27% of the variance in ventilator-associated pneumonia. Timeliness of communication was inversely related to pressure ulcers (r = -0.38; P = .06), and workplace empowerment and scores on the Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation III were positive predictors of ventilator-associated pneumonia (R 2 = 0.36; P = .005). Conclusions Not all elements of communication were related to the selected adverse outcomes. The connection between characteristics of the practice environment at the unit level and adverse outcomes remains elusive.

Influence of Communication Competence and Burnout on Nursing Performance of Intensive Care Units Nurses

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Nursing Specialty Certification and Nursing-Sensitive Patient Outcomes in the Intensive Care Unit

“…[11][12][13] Results of earlier studies link workplace empowerment with characteristics of professional nursing practice such as higher levels of job satisfaction, 14,15 communication, 13 and an enhanced patient safety climate. 16 Because workplace empowerment has been associated with positive characteristics of professional nursing, it is not surprising that a recent study showed a higher perceived level of empowerment in certified nurses than in noncertified nurses (P < .008).…”

Certification, Empowerment, and Intent to Leave Current Position and the Profession Among Critical Care Nurses

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