Intensification of Pacific tropical instability waves over the recent three decades

Wang, Minyang; Xie, Shang-Ping; Sasaki, Hideharu; Nonaka, Masami; Du, Yan

doi:10.1038/s41558-023-01915-x

Cited by 4 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 67 publications

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“…In all instances, a compensation between lateral and vertical oceanic nonlinearities is evident. It would be interesting to investigate this compensation mechanism in the light of the TIWs intensification over recent decades (Wang et al, 2024). The robustness of the limited role of oceanic nonlinearities for extreme ENSO events should also be investigated at higher resolution and in a coupled framework.…”

Section: Summary and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Why Do Oceanic Nonlinearities Contribute Only Weakly to Extreme El Niño Events?

Liu,

Vialard,

Fedorov

et al. 2024

Geophysical Research Letters

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Extreme El Niño events have outsized global impacts and control the El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) warm/cold phases asymmetries. Yet, a consensus regarding the relative contributions of atmospheric and oceanic nonlinearities to their genesis remains elusive. Here, we isolate the contribution of oceanic nonlinearities by conducting paired experiments forced with opposite wind stress anomalies in an oceanic general circulation model, which realistically simulates extreme El Niño events and oceanic nonlinearities thought to contribute to ENSO skewness (Tropical Instability Waves (TIWs), Nonlinear Dynamical Heating (NDH)). Our findings indicate a weak contribution of oceanic nonlinearities to extreme El Niño events in the eastern Pacific, owing to compensatory effects between lateral (NDH and TIWs) and vertical processes. These results hold across different vertical mixing schemes and modifications of the upper‐ocean heat budget mixed layer criterion. Our study reinforces previous research underscoring the pivotal role of atmospheric nonlinearities in shaping extreme El Niño events.

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Section: Summary and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Why Do Oceanic Nonlinearities Contribute Only Weakly to Extreme El Niño Events?

Liu,

Vialard,

Fedorov

et al. 2024

Geophysical Research Letters

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Fabrication of passive cooling fabric as thermal management curtain for building energy-saving

Ma,

Xue,

Guo

et al. 2024

Chemical Engineering Journal

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Ocean’s largest chlorophyll-rich tongue is extending westward

Shang,

Peng,

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Upwelling in the Equatorial Pacific nurtures an expansive and westward-stretching chlorophyll-rich tongue (CRT), supporting half of the annual global new production. Surrounding the CRT are the oligotrophic subtropical gyres to the north and south, which are suggested to be expanding under global warming. Yet, how this productive CRT has changed—expanding or contracting—remains unknown. By applying the empirical mode decomposition method to 20-year monthly measurements of chlorophyll concentration from MODIS-Aqua (2002-2022), a significant westward extension of the CRT is found, with its area expanding at a rate of 8.46 × 104 km2/yr. The westward extension of the CRT is attributed to strengthened equatorial upwelling and the Southern Equatorial Current from 2002 to 2022, driven by intensified easterly trade winds as the Pacific Decadal Oscillation predominantly remains in its negative phase during this period. Our results imply a broader cover of productive water along the equator, while its impact on tropical climate, ecosystems and carbon cycle deserves further investigation.

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Intensification of Pacific tropical instability waves over the recent three decades

Cited by 4 publications

References 67 publications

Why Do Oceanic Nonlinearities Contribute Only Weakly to Extreme El Niño Events?

Why Do Oceanic Nonlinearities Contribute Only Weakly to Extreme El Niño Events?

Fabrication of passive cooling fabric as thermal management curtain for building energy-saving

Ocean’s largest chlorophyll-rich tongue is extending westward

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