Intensification of fragility: Poultry production and distribution in Bangladesh and its implications for disease risk

Hennessey, Matthew; Fournié, Guillaume; Hoque, Md. Ahasanul; Biswas, Paritosh Kumar; Alarcón, Pablo; Ebata, Ayako; Mahmud, Rashed; Hasan, Mahmudul; Barnett, Tony

doi:10.1016/j.prevetmed.2021.105367

Cited by 32 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Sonali is a locally-produced cross-bred between Rhode Island Red male and Fayoumi female, reared for both meat and egg production. Sonali chickens are usually slaughtered for meat from 12 weeks to at the end of laying period [ 13 , 14 ]. Multiple studies reported the evidence of antibiotic use in commercial broiler and layer chicken.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antibiotic usage practices and its drivers in commercial chicken production in Bangladesh

Chowdhury

Fournié²,

Blake³

et al. 2022

PLoS ONE

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Irrational and inappropriate use of antibiotics in commercial chicken production can contribute to the development of antimicrobial resistance. We aimed to assess antibiotic usage in commercial chicken production in Bangladesh, and identify factors associated with this practice. We conducted a large-scale cross-sectional study to collect information on antibiotic usage in commercial chickens from January to May 2021. Structured interviews were conducted with 288 broiler, 288 layer and 192 Sonali (locally-produced cross-bred) farmers in 20 sub-districts across Bangladesh. The frequency of antibiotic usage, the types of antibiotics and purpose of usage were estimated for each production type. Adjusted odds ratios (aOR) were calculated to measure the association between antibiotic usage and factors related to the characteristics of the farms and farmers using multivariable logistic regression models. The proportion of farms, irrespective of their production type, reporting usage of antibiotics in the 24 hours preceding the interview was 41% (n = 314, 95% CI: 37–44%). Forty-five percent (n = 344, 41–48%) reported antibiotic usage in the last 72 hours, 86% (n = 658, 83–88%) in the last 14 days, and almost all farms, 98% (n = 753, 97–99%), had used antibiotics since the start of their production cycle. Use of antibiotics in the 24 hours preceding an interview was more frequently reported in broiler (OR 1.91, 95% CI: 1.36–2.69) and Sonali (OR 1.94, 95% CI: 1.33–2.33) than layer farms. Oxytetracycline (23–31%, depending on production type), doxycycline (18–25%), ciprofloxacin (16–26%) and amoxicillin (16–44%) were the most frequently used antibiotics. Antibiotics were reported to be used for both treatment and prophylactic purposes on most farms (57–67%). Usage of antibiotics in the 24h preceding an interview was significantly associated with the occurrence of any illnesses in chickens (aOR broiler: 41.22 [95% CI:13.63–124.62], layer: aOR 36.45[9.52–139.43], Sonali: aOR 28.47[4.97–162.97]). Antibiotic usage was mainly advised by veterinary practitioners (45–71%, depending on production type), followed by feed dealers (21–40%) and farmers (7–13%). Improvement of chicken health through good farming practices along with changes in key stakeholders (feed dealers and practitioners) attitudes towards antibiotic recommendations to farmers, may help to reduce the levels of antibiotic usage and thus contribute to mitigate antimicrobial resistance.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antibiotic usage practices and its drivers in commercial chicken production in Bangladesh

Chowdhury

Fournié²,

Blake³

et al. 2022

PLoS ONE

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“…Unfortunately, the implementation of AI prevention and control measures is strongly influenced by farmers' perceptions about the measures to be introduced (e.g., wearing protective equipment might be considered by farmers as an impediment to effectively handling chickens) ( 62 ). In addition, limited financial resources and the actual cost of interventions might also constrain the implementation of improved biosecurity on farms ( 63 , 64 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Farm-Level Risk Factors Associated With Avian Influenza A (H5) and A (H9) Flock-Level Seroprevalence on Commercial Broiler and Layer Chicken Farms in Bangladesh

et al. 2022

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A cross-sectional study was conducted to identify farm-level risk factors associated with avian influenza A H5 and H9 virus exposure on commercial chicken farms in Bangladesh. For broiler farms, both H5 and H9 seropositivity were associated with visits by workers from other commercial chicken farms [odds ratio (OR) for H5 = 15.1, 95% confidence interval (CI): 2.8–80.8; OR for H9 = 50.1, 95% CI: 4.5–552.7], H5 seropositivity was associated with access of backyard ducks (OR = 21.5, 95% CI: 2.3–201.1), and H9 seropositivity with a number of farm employees (OR = 9.4, 95% CI: 1.1–80.6). On layer farms, both H5 and H9 seropositivity were associated with presence of stray dogs (OR for H5 = 3.1, 95% CI: 1.1–9.1; OR for H9 = 4.0, 95% CI: 1.1–15.3), H5 seropositivity with hatcheries supplying chicks (OR = 0.0, 95% CI: 0.0–0.3), vehicles entering farms (OR = 5.8, 95% CI: 1.5–22.4), number of farm employees (OR = 5.8, 95% CI: 1.2–28.2), and burying of dead birds near farms (OR = 4.6, 95% CI: 1.2–17.3); H9 seropositivity with traders supplying feed (OR = 5.9, 95% CI: 1.0–33.9), visits conducted of other commercial poultry farms (OR = 4.7, 95% CI: 1.1–20.6), number of spent layers sold (OR = 24.0, 95% CI: 3.7–155.0), and frequency of replacing chicken droppings (OR = 28.3, 95% CI: 2.8–284.2). Policies addressing these risk factors will increase the effectiveness of prevention and control strategies reducing the risk of avian influenza on commercial chicken farms.

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“…Dans les pays où l'intensification des systèmes d'élevages est récente, ces mécanismes institutionnels sont souvent absents ou embryonnaires. Ce déficit d'encadrement est souvent aggravé par la faiblesse des institutions gouvernementales ou leur discrédit auprès des acteurs des filières et par l'instabilité économique ou politique qui décourage les investissements du secteur privé (Delabouglise et al, 2015 ;Ebata et al, 2020 ;Hennessey et al, 2021).…”

Section: L'intensification Porteuse D'une Meilleure Gestion Sanitaire...unclassified

Intensification des systèmes d’élevage et risques pandémiques

Delabouglise

Guérin

Lury³

et al. 2022

Cah. Agric.

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Le lien supposé entre intensification des productions animales et fréquence grandissante des maladies humaines émergentes à potentiel pandémique est une des controverses majeures qui touchent le système alimentaire mondial. Historiquement, les animaux domestiques ont contribué à l’apparition de maladies humaines majeures et sont le réservoir ou l’hôte intermédiaire de plusieurs zoonoses émergentes. Cependant, l’impact des pratiques associées à l’intensification des productions animales sur la santé humaine reste à déterminer avec objectivité. La concentration des animaux en forte densité dans des structures d’élevage de plus en plus grandes, de même que l’intensité croissante des flux d’animaux vivants aux échelles nationale et internationale constituent des facteurs de risque avérés. Cependant, l’intensification de l’élevage peut aussi conduire à une diminution des risques d’émergence à l’interface faune sauvage–faune domestique–humains, grâce à la généralisation des mesures de biosécurité et à l’encadrement des pratiques d’élevage et des réseaux commerciaux, une évolution très dépendante du contexte socio-économique propre à chaque pays et région.

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Intensification of fragility: Poultry production and distribution in Bangladesh and its implications for disease risk

Cited by 32 publications

References 27 publications

Antibiotic usage practices and its drivers in commercial chicken production in Bangladesh

Antibiotic usage practices and its drivers in commercial chicken production in Bangladesh

Farm-Level Risk Factors Associated With Avian Influenza A (H5) and A (H9) Flock-Level Seroprevalence on Commercial Broiler and Layer Chicken Farms in Bangladesh

Intensification des systèmes d’élevage et risques pandémiques

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