Intense exercise increases circulating endocannabinoid and BDNF levels in humans—Possible implications for reward and depression

Heyman, Elsa; Gamelin, François-Xavier; Goekint, Maaike; Piscitelli, Fabiana; Roelands, Bart; Leclair, Erwan; Marzo, Vincenzo Di; Meeusen, Romain

doi:10.1016/j.psyneuen.2011.09.017

Cited by 349 publications

(279 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…30 Measurements of AEA in the blood revealed concentration variations during pregnancy. [31][32][33] In contrast to their first study, 31 Lam et al 32 showed that the AEA plasma concentrations remained unchanged during the first and second trimesters and increased during the last 3 months of pregnancy. Therefore, pregnancy seems to influence not only the glucocorticoid but also the endocannabinoid system.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Diagnostic Value of Concentration Profiles of Glucocorticosteroids and Endocannabinoids in Hair

Krumbholz¹,

Anielski²,

Reisch

et al. 2013

Therapeutic Drug Monitoring

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Background: Endogenous corticosteroids and endocannabinoids are both known to be involved in stress adaption and anti-inflammatory and immuneregulatory effects. The application of hair as retrospective specimen for long-term recording of corticosteroids and its association with stress-induced biochemical alterations was intensively examined. Methods:To evaluate the stability and correlation of various parameters of the endocannabinoid and corticosteroid systems, a prospective study was carried out. Hair samples were collected monthly over a pregnancy cycle (sixth week of pregnancy to 9 weeks postpartum). By comparison of hair concentrations in particular segments (ie, grown in the same time span but collected at different times), an examination of analyte stability in hair was achieved. Additionally, the comparison of proximal segments provided on biochemical information that is independent of alteration due to physical instability. The detection limits of a validated procedure using solid-phase extraction cleanup and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry proved to be suitable to identify the endogenous levels of cortisol (limits of detection = 1.6 pg/mg), cortisone (2.1 pg/mg), anandamide (AEA, 0.3 pg/mg), and 2-arachidonoylglycerol (15 pg/mg).Results: Corticosteroid concentrations in corresponding hair segments were found to be reduced with increasing hair age; an average decline of cortisol and cortisone by 50% in 4 months was estimated. Independently, an increase of cortisol and cortisone in proximal segments collected during pregnancy was confirmed, which is assumed to be stress related. Endocannabinoids proved to be by far more stable, as demonstrated by subsequent monthly collection of corresponding segments and there was hardly any washout of AEA detectable. Elevated hair concentrations of AEA and 2-arachidonoylglycerol were detected in the first-second trimester of pregnancy, which corresponds to negative correlations between AEA, cortisol, and cortisone.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Diagnostic Value of Concentration Profiles of Glucocorticosteroids and Endocannabinoids in Hair

Krumbholz¹,

Anielski²,

Reisch

et al. 2013

Therapeutic Drug Monitoring

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“…It has been shown that an acute bout of exercise increases peripheral levels of serum BDNF in an exercise intensity dependent fashion, but resting levels of BDNF does not seem to be affected by long term exercise training (56) suggesting that other compensatory mechanisms might be at play. In connection to the effects of exercise on neurotrophins the endocannabinoid system might represent an important mediating signalling pathway (57).…”

Section: Physical Activity Stress and Inflammationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Psychosocial Stress and Cardiovascular Disease Risk

Hamer

2012

Psychosomatic Medicine

121

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“…Those with a met allele in the intervention condition Relationships between BDNF, depression, and exercise may provide another potential mechanism through which BDNF genotype results in differences in intrinsic motivation during exercise and the behavioral measure of intrinsic motivation. BDNF has been recognized as one of the best candidate molecules for understanding the antidepressant effects of exercise (C. H. Duman et al, 2008;Heyman et al, 2012;Li et al, 2008), particularly by promoting neurogenesis (Erickson et al, 2011;Heyman, et al, 2012;Lafenetre et al, 2010). Though typically only thought of for its role in memory, hippocampal neurogenesis likely plays a role in the behavioral effects of antidepressants (Sahay & Hen, 2007) and common antidepressant drugs increase hippocampal neurogenesis (Malberg et al, 2000).…”

Section: Intrinsic Motivation and Bdnf Snp 22mentioning

confidence: 99%

What keeps a body moving? The brain-derived neurotrophic factor val66met polymorphism and intrinsic motivation to exercise in humans

2014

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Hagger, M. S. (2014). What keeps a body moving? The brain-derived neurotrophic factor val66met polymorphism and intrinsic motivation to exercise in humans. Journal of Behavioral Medicine, 37, 1180Medicine, 37, -1192Medicine, 37, . doi:10.1007 Intrinsic Motivation and BDNF SNP 2 ABSTRACT Individuals who are intrinsically motivated to exercise are more likely to do so consistently. In previous research, those with at least one copy of the methionine (met) allele in the brain derived neurotrophic factor gene (BDNF; rs6265) had greater increases in positive mood and lower perceived exertion during exercise. This study examined whether genotype for BDNF is also related to intrinsic motivation, measured by self-report during a treadmill exercise session and a free-choice behavioral measure (continuing to exercise given the option to stop) among 89 regular exercisers (age M = 23.58, SD = 3.95).Those with at least one copy of the met allele reported greater increases in intrinsic motivation during exercise and were more likely to continue exercising when given the

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Intense exercise increases circulating endocannabinoid and BDNF levels in humans—Possible implications for reward and depression

Cited by 349 publications

References 48 publications

Diagnostic Value of Concentration Profiles of Glucocorticosteroids and Endocannabinoids in Hair

Diagnostic Value of Concentration Profiles of Glucocorticosteroids and Endocannabinoids in Hair

Psychosocial Stress and Cardiovascular Disease Risk

What keeps a body moving? The brain-derived neurotrophic factor val66met polymorphism and intrinsic motivation to exercise in humans

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