Intelligent Reflecting Surface Assisted Beam Index-Modulation for Millimeter Wave Communication

Gopi, Sarath; Kalyani, Sheetal; Hanzo, Lajos

doi:10.1109/twc.2020.3029743

Cited by 49 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 70 publications

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“…Various dielectric and conductor materials also analyzed by means of high field confinement levels at high frequency communication. Sarath Gopi et al, 20 introduced three various structures based on intelligent reflecting surfaces (IRS) for millimeter wave communication with beam index modulation concept. Rui Sun et al, 21 developed fault localization of reflecting components in IRS concept.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Zenneck surface wave interconnect with encircle routing for effective inter chip communication

Penna

Shankar

Keshavamurthy

et al. 2021

Int J RF Microw Comput Aided Eng

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Generally, copper traces are widely used to provide communication among integrated circuits (IC's) of printed circuit board (PCB). In case of high rate data transfer, systems or traces may be damaged due to trace resistivity. In order to overcome this issue, surface wave phenomenon based channel/ waveguide is introduced for IC communication in this work. Here, high frequency communication is possible due to both conductivity and dielectric behaviors of surface waves. Use of Zenneck surface instead of copper traces with Encircle Routing (ER) based channel assignment helps to achieve efficient IC communication. High rate of data transfer with low channel dispersion are major benefits of ER based Zenneck surface wave communication.Matlab working platform is used for design analysis by means of attenuation, field decay, skin depth, channel dispersion, power saving rate and signal voltage gain. Also, performance analysis is taken within the frequency range of 50 to 500 GHz to explore a deterministic channel communication between the IC's as an alternate of copper traces.

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Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Zenneck surface wave interconnect with encircle routing for effective inter chip communication

Penna

Shankar

Keshavamurthy

et al. 2021

Int J RF Microw Comput Aided Eng

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“…Intelligent reflecting surface (IRS) based techniques are capable of further enhancing the system's performance at a low hardware complexity and power consumption [2][3][4]. IRS-assisted MIMO systems rely on passive elements for reflecting the incident signals with a particular phase shift [5][6][7]. The joint design of the active baseband beamforming and passive IRS-assisted beamforming has a substantial further promise.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Passive beamforming design for intelligent reflecting surface assisted MIMO systems

et al. 2021

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Intelligent reflecting surfaces (IRSs) constitute passive devices, which are capable of adjusting the phase shifts of their reflected signals, and hence they are suitable for passive beamforming. In this paper, we conceive their design with the active beamforming action of multiple-input multipleoutput (MIMO) systems used at the access points (APs) for improving the beamforming gain, where both the APs and users are equipped with multiple antennas. Firstly, we decouple the optimization problem and design the active beamforming for a given IRS configuration. Then we transform the optimization problem of the IRS-based passive beamforming design into a tractable non-convex quadratically constrained quadratic program (QCQP). For solving the transformed problem, we give an approximate solution based on the technique of widely used semidefinite relaxation (SDR). We also propose a low-complexity iterative solution. We further prove that it can converge to a locally optimal value. Finally, considering the practical scenario of discrete phase shifts at the IRS, we give the quantization design for IRS elements on basis of the two solutions. Our simulation results demonstrate the superiority of the proposed solutions over the relevant benchmarks.

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“…Compared to a multi-antenna relay, a prominent advantage of a RIS is that it reflects impinging EM waves in a passive manner and requires no time/frequency/energy resources and hardware cost for processing, re-generating, or re-transmitting signals. These appealing features have motivated a variety of emerging research directions on RIS, such as cascaded channel estimation [4]- [7], passive beamforming (PB) [8]- [10], RIS-aided communications [11]- [13], information modulation techniques [14]- [18], and hardware implementations [19], [20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Reflection modulation [14]- [18] has been considered as a promising PIT mechanism for RISaided communication systems, in which multiple information streams are encoded in both the carriers emitted by transmitter(s) and the reflection patterns of RIS(s). In [14], the author proposed spatial modulation on the indices of receive antennas, which is realized by steering RIS's reflected beam towards a particular receive antenna.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Frequency Reflection Modulation for Reconfigurable Intelligent Surface Aided OFDM Systems

Yan¹,

Yuan²,

Cao³

2021

Preprint

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Reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) based reflection modulation has been considered as a promising information delivery mechanism, and has the potential to realize passive information transfer of a RIS without consuming any additional radio frequency chain and time/frequency/energy resources.The existing on-off reflection modulation (ORM) schemes are based on manipulating the "on/off" states of RIS elements, which may lead to the degradation of RIS reflection efficiency. This paper proposes a frequency reflection modulation (FRM) method for RIS-aided OFDM systems. The FRM-OFDM scheme modulates the frequency of the incident electromagnetic waves, and the RIS information is embedded in the frequency-hoping states of RIS elements. Unlike the ORM-OFDM scheme, the FRM-OFDM scheme can achieve higher reflection efficiency, since the latter does not turn off any reflection element in reflection modulation. We propose a block coordinate descent (BCD) algorithm to maximize the user achievable rate for the FRM-OFDM system by jointly optimizing the phase shift of the RIS and the power allocation at the transmitter. Further, we design a bilinear message passing (BMP) algorithm for the bilinear recovery of both the user symbols and the RIS data. Numerical simulations have verified the efficiency of the designed BCD algorithm for system optimization and the BMP algorithm for signal detection, as well as the superiority of the proposed FRM-OFDM scheme over the ORM-OFDM scheme.

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Intelligent Reflecting Surface Assisted Beam Index-Modulation for Millimeter Wave Communication

Cited by 49 publications

References 70 publications

Zenneck surface wave interconnect with encircle routing for effective inter chip communication

Zenneck surface wave interconnect with encircle routing for effective inter chip communication

Passive beamforming design for intelligent reflecting surface assisted MIMO systems

Frequency Reflection Modulation for Reconfigurable Intelligent Surface Aided OFDM Systems

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