Intelligent Medical System with Low-Cost Wearable Monitoring Devices to Measure Basic Vital Signals of Admitted Patients

Abstract

This article presents the design of a low-cost Wireless Body Sensor Network (WBSN) for monitoring vital signs including a low-cost smart wristwatch that contains an ESP-32 microcontroller and three sensors: heart rate (HR), blood pressure (BP) and body temperature (BT), and an Internet of Things (IoT) platform. The vital signs data are processed and displayed on an OLED screen of the patient’s wristwatch and sent the data over a wireless connection (Wi-Fi) and a Cloud Thing Board system, to store and manage the data in a data center. The data can be analyzed and notified to medical staff when abnormal signals are received from the sensors based on a set parameters from specialists. The proposed low-cost system can be used in a wide range of applications including field hospitals for asymptotic or mild-condition COVID-19 patients as the system can be used to screen those patients out of symptomatic patients who require more costly facilities in a hospital with considerably low expense and installation time, also suitable for bedridden patients, palliative care patients, etc. Testing experiments of a 60-person sample size showed an acceptable accuracy level compared with standard devices when testing with 60 patient-samples with the mean errors heart rate of 1.22%, systolic blood pressure of 1.39%, diastolic blood pressure of 1.01%, and body temperature of 0.13%. According to testing results with 10 smart devices connected with the platform, the time delay caused by the distance between smart devices and the router is 10 s each round with the longest outdoor distance of 200 m. As there is a short-time delay, it does not affect the working ability of the smart system. It is still making the proposed system be able to show patient’s status and function in emergency cases.

Low cost, non-invasive, and continuous vital signs monitoring device for pregnant women in low resource settings (Lvital device)

“…S et al proposed an intelligent Medical System with Low-Cost Wearable Monitoring Devices to Measure Basic Vital Signals of Admitted Patients. Their paper describes the development of a low-cost Wireless Body Sensor Network (WBSN) for vital sign monitoring, which includes a low-cost smart wristwatch with an ESP-32 microcontroller and three sensors: heart rate (HR), blood pressure (BP), and body temperature (BT), as well as an Internet of Things (IoT) platform [12] . Adeline Boatin et.al presented the results of Verified functionality and acceptance of wireless fetal monitoring technology in pregnant women.…”

Wearable devices for Health Remote Monitor System

“…1 Commercial grown of the Wearable Technology in the health care sector between 2015-2021 by [8] 2 DSR Methodology by [21] 3 Remote health monitoring system architecture proposed by [9] 4 Structure of body sensor nodes and the communication pathway by [13] 5 Design of an intelligent medical monitoring system by [13] 6 Framework Architecture by [15] 7 System Architecture by [17] 8 Examples of wearable devices used in health and cardiovascular disease by [45] 9 System Architecture and Structure 10 Hardware : Equipment used in this System 11 Data transfer/Message Protocols by [61] 12 MQTT Publish/Subscribe Model by [65] 13 Cluster Overview 14 Inserting times by [70] 15 Updating times by [70] 16 Deleting times by [70] 17 Command to run the program 18 Publish/Subscribe Methods 19 Average Velocity when walking and/or running by [74] 20 Speed distributions at different prescribed average speeds by [74]…”

New Method to Implement and Analysis of Medical System in Real Time

“…This study also proved that traffic congestion and insufficient training of the workforce are important factors in the survival of patients until reaching the hospital. Sakphrom et al [ 23 ] designed a wristwatch based on the ESP32 and three sensors to monitor vital signs with the Internet of things platform. The measured data were processed and displayed on the wristwatch, as well as sent to the medical staff in the event of a critical condition.…”