Intelligent Materials such as Rare Earth Elements on High-tech Materials Engineering for Catalysis and Environmental Applications

Abstract

Materials engineering and catalysis are known as central sciences, which can deeply contribute to the technological development of our nations, and as well as ensure the environmental protection and cleaning from both organic and inorganic contaminants. So, the generation of the most wanted chemical and fuels such as (CH4) or to carbon monoxide (CO/H2), methanol (CH3OH) or even to hydrogen (H2) and ammonia (NH3) requires strongly active, selective, stable, and as well as reusable materials (catalysis) to fulfill the mankind needs. The determination and removing both inorganic and organic are highly regarded special issue in healthcare. So that, all these areas strong materials for the complete transformation of these chemical products. Indeed, zeolite materials are very explored in the recent years as they present advanced properties in both catalysis and environmental concerns. Also, its combination with transition noble and non-noble metals are also considered in order to boost the catalytic yields. In fact, here, it is ascribed the role of transition rare-earth (RE) elements in the hybrid materials engineering for advanced technological applications. It demonstrated that rare earth oxides might enhance catalytic features and avoid the loss of acid sites under the fluid catalytic craking (FCC) unit operation. Moreover, It is shown that (RE) elements might be used for materials engineering for high-tech uses such as in hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), methanol oxidation reaction (MOR), oxygen evolution reaction (OER), and oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). Many other reactions can be realized over hybrid materials made via the use of rare earth (RE) elements with improved catalytic performances. Therefore, due to the large properties of transition rare-earth (RE) metals, more possible superb materials will be engineered in upcoming generation.

Earth materials like Bauxite Ore as Strategic Material for Advanced Technological Applications and Beyond

“…Valorization of earth resource materials such as Bauxite ore, rare earth transition metals [1,3], and transition metal oxides [4,7] must be accelerated for sustainable technological development as they possess a wide range of properties, and could be largely disposable under the earth, and as well as might be cost-effective as compared to the noble metals and as well as some xd transition metals. So, among these chemicals, aluminum oxides (Al2O3) is valuable industrial material with many technological utilizations, its large uses are for the generation of aluminum metal (Al).…”