Intelligent Cruise Control of Diesel Powered Vehicles Addressing the Fuel Consumption Versus Emissions Trade-off

Huang, Chunan; Salehi, Rasoul; Stefanopoulou, Anna G.

doi:10.23919/acc.2018.8431604

Cited by 10 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…In fact, pollutants are not explicitly considered but introduced as a high torque penalty since this area is shown to be producing high emissions. In the recent work [17], a more rigorous approach is introduced, resulting in an emission aware ecodriving control utilizing a dynamical model for emission aftertreatment system, but with optimal profiles under emission consideration being very different from the pure fuel optimal case. In [31] the effect of lateral acceleration limits on optimal solutions to multi-objective ecodriving is investigated, evaluating the role of longitudinal acceleration with respect to NO x emissions.…”

Section: A Comparison With Related Work On Ecodrivingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design of a Switching Nonlinear MPC for Emission Aware Ecodriving

Incremona

Polterauer

2023

IEEE Trans. Intell. Veh.

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Advanced automation and information systems are shaping the future of transportation by enabling advanced approaches, such as ecodriving control strategies, which improve safety and energy efficiency of personal transport. This paper contributes to the field of ecodriving control by developing a novel approach capable to deal with curvy roads, combining road grade and curvature look ahead to keep the driving comfortable, while also considering pollutant emissions. The formulation and solution of emission aware ecodriving as an optimal control problem is presented and, more specifically, a novel switching Nonlinear Model Predictive Control (NMPC) is proposed. Its feasibility and potential are shown by means of simulation case studies based on real world test cases, a validated vehicle model, and measured road topology. Hence, it is shown that emission aware ecodriving is a viable option and that developers of future ecodriving systems should expand their focus from solely energy efficiency towards additional targets.

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Section: A Comparison With Related Work On Ecodrivingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design of a Switching Nonlinear MPC for Emission Aware Ecodriving

Incremona

Polterauer

2023

IEEE Trans. Intell. Veh.

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“…where h SCR = f(T b, SCR2 ) is the SCR conversion efficiency assumed to be mainly a function of the brick temperature. 20 The impact of other factors such as species concentration 21 or Ammonia storage on the SCR efficiency, which are important after the SCR is warmed up, are neglected here assuming engine and urea controllers regulate the feedgas NO x and Urea flow to keep the SCR efficiency successfully close to 100%, which is possible as shown by Gosala et al 3 The results indicate that lower tailpipe emissions are generated with MPC compared to the other two EVO strategies (Figure 13(b)) while the fuel consumption is less than the EVO max strategy (Figure 13(c)).…”

Section: Mpc Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exhaust valve phasing controllers for cold start NO_x emissions reduction in heavy duty diesel engines

Salehi

Middleton

2021

International Journal of Engine Research

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In this paper, early exhaust valve opening (EVO) is applied to a diesel engine for fast warm up of the selective catalytic reduction (SCR) system with the ultimate goal of tailpipe NOx emissions reduction. By advancing EVO from top dead center, the exhaust gas temperature increases and the exhaust flow reduces, influencing the enthalpy available to warm up the SCR, and the engine-out NOx emissions increase or decrease depending on the engine’s operating conditions. Therefore, proper management of EVO is required to ensure that (1) engine-out NOx emissions do not increase when the SCR catalyst is cold; (2) heat transfer to the SCR increases and it warms up faster than the baseline operation (without EVO phasing); and (3) fuel consumption increase is minimal. A novel model predictive controller (MPC) is proposed for this application, assuming a limited preview of the drive cycle is available. For the MPC, an optimization objective function is applied such that a sequential warm up strategy can be implemented for the aftertreatment system catalysts. Using this technique, the prediction horizon for effective thermal management of the slow SCR system is reduced. In addition, a rule-based logic is offered as an alternative to the predictive controller to calculate the EVO trajectory with less computational power. Observations based on optimization problems solved by dynamic programing (DP) were used to develop the rule-based controller. Both the rule-based logic and model-based MPC are tested with a detailed high fidelity one-dimensional model in a model-in-the-loop simulator. Results indicate the potential of an EVO phasing system with the proposed controllers to reduce tailpipe NOx by 10% and 25% for the world harmonized transient cycle (WHTC) and federal test procedure (FTP), respectively. The rule-based controller has been found to be sensitive to the test drive cycle while the model based MPC shows a consistent performance, that is, independent of the test trajectory.

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“…[29][30][31][32] consider engine feedgas emissions performance for a conventional diesel engine while optimizing the speed trace during eco-driving, and show that a trade-off among cycle time, emissions and fuel consumption should be addressed carefully to avoid excess NOx emissions. Other studies consider fuel consumption, driving style and tailpipe emissions performance for diesel vehicles with emission aftertreatment systems, and present a horizon-based planning algorithm, which has the flexibility to generate optimized fuel-centric, smooth trajectories, or emissions-centric, and more aggressive trajectories 13,33 . However, only simulation studies are performed in these works.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, one approach is to improve fuel efficiency by reducing time-headway for a single vehicle to its predecessor, or form platoons for a group of vehicles to reduce energy loss by air drag reduction [1][2][3][4] . Another commonly used approach is to formulate the selection of the sequence of control actions as an optimal control problem to reduce total fuel or energy consumption while including the real-time feedback information and preview information of the surrounding traffic [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16] . For instance, fuel consumption has been included in optimization objectives in Refs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hardware-in-the-loop exploration of energy versus emissions trade-off in eco-following scenarios for connected automated vehicles

Huang

Salehi

Stefanopoulou

et al. 2022

International Journal of Engine Research

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Studies on eco-driving have mostly taken an energy-centric view and considered driving performance, while less attention has been paid on emissions behavior. This work extends in an experimentally verified way our understanding of the trade-offs among fuel economy, driving aggressiveness, and, especially, emissions in connected automated diesel-powered vehicles. Experiments are performed with a 6.7-L Ford Powerstroke diesel engine, a urea-SCR based NOx aftertreatment system, and a full model for a Ford F250 medium-duty truck in the loop to provide realistic assessment of fuel consumption, tailpipe emissions, and driving style performances. An energy and emissions conscious speed planner is leveraged to follow the traffic. This planner offers flexibility in prioritizing energy or emissions while satisfying user-defined headway constraints, and thus allows exploration of different calibrations in a unified way. Results show how various calibrations of the flexible leader following policy yield 8%–14% decrease in total fuel consumption and 64%–70% decrease in tailpipe emissions compared with a strictly constrained following policy.

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Intelligent Cruise Control of Diesel Powered Vehicles Addressing the Fuel Consumption Versus Emissions Trade-off

Cited by 10 publications

References 12 publications

Design of a Switching Nonlinear MPC for Emission Aware Ecodriving

Design of a Switching Nonlinear MPC for Emission Aware Ecodriving

Exhaust valve phasing controllers for cold start NO_x emissions reduction in heavy duty diesel engines

Hardware-in-the-loop exploration of energy versus emissions trade-off in eco-following scenarios for connected automated vehicles

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Intelligent Cruise Control of Diesel Powered Vehicles Addressing the Fuel Consumption Versus Emissions Trade-off

Cited by 10 publications

References 12 publications

Design of a Switching Nonlinear MPC for Emission Aware Ecodriving

Design of a Switching Nonlinear MPC for Emission Aware Ecodriving

Exhaust valve phasing controllers for cold start NOx emissions reduction in heavy duty diesel engines

Hardware-in-the-loop exploration of energy versus emissions trade-off in eco-following scenarios for connected automated vehicles

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Exhaust valve phasing controllers for cold start NO_x emissions reduction in heavy duty diesel engines