Intelligent Adjustment Forwarding: A compromise between end-to-end and hop-by-hop transmissions in VANET environments

A Fuzzy‐Rule Based Data Delivery Scheme in VANETs with Intelligent Speed Prediction and Relay Selection

“…More detailed information will be described in next part. (1) initialization: determine the relationship between RSUs and vehicles periodically (2) if S is covered by a RSU (3) deliver packets to RSU s in V2R mode else fuzzy-rule-based wireless transmission method vehicle-based short-term vehicle speed prediction (4) (1) find potential paths (5) (2) evaluate potential paths (6) (3) determine wireless transmission path (optimum) (7) S sends packets to RSU s (8) if RSU fails to receive packets after threshold time (9) select another path (sub-optimum) (10) go to step (7) else (11) end (12) RSU s sends packets to RSU d (13) if D is covered by a RSU (14) deliver packets to RSU d in V2R mode else machine learning system (15) (1) ML1 predicts D's turning direction (16) (2) ML2 predicts RSU n (highest possibility) (17) (3) ML3 predicts travelling path (18) two-way mode transfer fuzzy-rule-based wireless transmission method (19) if D fails to receive packets after threshold time (20) select RSU n again (second highest possibility) (21) go to step (17) else (22) end Algorithm 1…”

“…The number of nearest neighbors is often chosen empirically by crossvalidation or domain experts in practice [33]. Therefore, a simple empirical or experimental test [3][4][5] is sufficient to find a suitable K-value. KNN considers the correlation between the testing vehicle and other vehicles by selecting the K-nearest neighbors according to the Euclidean distance metrics, but the K selected neighbors are treated equally without considering their differences according to (16).…”

“…As a result, the connections are intermittent and many network services fail to function properly and their performance is seriously degraded. Therefore, developing efficient data delivery schemes with the presence of link disruptions is of great practical importance [5].…”

A Chaotic Krill Herd Optimization Approach In VANET For Congestion Free Effective Multi Hop Communication

“…If the Convergence speed is improved to its best, then the Routers can form an internetwork between cars easily [9,21]. If the inter-network can be formed without any delay, then the message can be easily transferred to the desired destination from the sender [20]. Hence, if these two issues can overcome the route discovery can no longer remain a tedious task in VANET.…”