Intelligence and salivary testosterone levels in prepubertal children

Ostatníková, Daniela; Celec, Peter; Putz, Z; Hodosy, Július; Schmidt, Filip; Laznibatová, Jolana; Kúdela, Matúš

doi:10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2006.10.018

Cited by 25 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 63 publications

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“…In later life, testosterone was found to predict behavior, but the effect is thought to be one of activation or fine-tuning of the early organization of the brain (Romeo, Richardson, & Sisk, 2002;Schulz, Zehr, Salas-Ramirez, & Sisk, 2009 pointed out that salivary testosterone levels in gifted boys are significantly lower compared to control boys consistently with our previous study (Ostatnikova et al, 2007). We hypothesized that lower postnatal maintenance of testosterone can be possibly explained by the negative influence of hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis during pre-pubertal development of these children or by slower pre-pubertal development of gifted boys (Ostatnikova et al, 2007).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

“…We hypothesized that lower postnatal maintenance of testosterone can be possibly explained by the negative influence of hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis during pre-pubertal development of these children or by slower pre-pubertal development of gifted boys (Ostatnikova et al, 2007). However this effect that was quite robust in size did not remain significant after correcting for multiple comparisons.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Higher prenatal testosterone doses can make brain more sensitive to the activational effects later in person's life. Alternatively, enhanced bio-potency of AR can partly explain lower testosterone levels observed in gifted boys (Celec et al, 2013;Ostatnikova et al, 2007). Shorter alleles are known to have a higher DNA binding activity resulting in a stronger androgen signaling (Ding, Xu, Menon, Reddy, & Barrack, 2004).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Significantly lower number of CAG repeats in the androgen receptor (AR) gene in gifted indicates stronger androgen signaling in this group (Celec et al, 2013). It was suggested it might compensate lower salivary testosterone levels detected in gifted (Ostatnikova et al, 2007). Increasing number of CAG repeats linked with less sensitive AR was shown to improve mental rotation score in gifted boys (Durdiakova et al, 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Differences in salivary testosterone, digit ratio and empathy between intellectually gifted and control boys

et al. 2015

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Differences in salivary testosterone, digit ratio and empathy between intellectually gifted and control boys

et al. 2015

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“…Some previous studies49–51 have investigated the potential influence of T on human cognitive function, but with contradictory results. Puts et al49 indicated that salivary T levels do not play a role in sex differences in spatial ability among young men and women.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential role of pre- and postnatal testosterone levels in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: is there a sex difference?

Wang¹,

Chou²,

Chou³

et al. 2017

NDT

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ObjectiveBoth prenatal testosterone (T) exposure and postnatal T levels have been associated with developing neural circuitry and behavioral systems. This study examined the potential correlation between pre- and postnatal T levels and behavioral and neurocognitive profiles of children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).MethodsTwo hundred ADHD patients with a mean age of 8.7±2.0 years (158 boys and 42 girls) were recruited. The ratio of the length of the right index finger (2D) to that of the right ring finger (4D) (2D/4D ratio) served as a surrogate of prenatal T exposure, and postnatal T was determined using salivary T concentration. Behavioral symptoms were evaluated using the Swanson, Nolan, and Pelham – Version IV Scale for ADHD (SNAP-IV). Neurocognitive function was assessed using the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children – Fourth Edition (WISC-IV) and Conners’ Continuous Performance Test (CPT).ResultsLower 2D/4D ratios were associated with comorbid disruptive behavior disorders (t=2.15, P=0.033) in all participants. Among the boys with ADHD, neither 2D/4D ratios nor salivary T levels were associated with behavioral symptoms or neurocognitive function. Among the girls with ADHD, the salivary T level was positively correlated with the Perceptual Reasoning Index of the WISC-IV (r=0.48, P=0.001) and the Confidence Index (r=0.37, P=0.017) and Omission Errors of the CPT (r=0.62, P<0.001).ConclusionFindings suggest that a higher prenatal T exposure is associated with a greater risk of developing disruptive behavior disorders, and T may exert differential neurocognitive effects between boys and girls with ADHD. However, the neurobiological mechanisms of T involved in the pathogenesis of ADHD warrant further investigation.

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Is there a relationship between the performance in a chronometric mental‐rotations test and salivary testosterone and estradiol levels in children aged 9–14 years?

Quaiser-Pohl

Jansen

Lehmann

et al. 2015

Developmental Psychobiology

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The consistent gender differences favoring males in some spatial abilities like mental rotation have raised the question of whether testosterone or other gonadal hormones contribute to these differences--especially because such gender differences seem to appear mainly from the age of puberty on. Studies generally suggest that spatial ability is facilitated by moderately high testosterone levels (i.e., levels that are relatively high for females and relatively low for males). However, the role of sex steroids for mental-rotation performance of (pre-) pubertal children has not been the focus of research, yet. In our study, the relationships between different aspects of mental-rotation performance (accuracy, reaction time, rotation speed) and salivary testosterone and estradiol levels were investigated. Subjects were 109 children (51 boys and 58 girls) aged between 9 and 14 years (M = 11.41, SD = 1.74). They performed a chronometric mental-rotations test, in which the stimuli consisted of three-dimensional drawings of Shepard and Metzler cube figures. In addition, saliva samples were gathered for the analysis of free testosterone and estradiol levels. Results showed a significant gender difference in reaction time and rotational speed in favor of boys, and a significant age, but no gender difference in testosterone and estradiol levels. We found no significant relationships between hormonal levels and any measure of mental-rotation performance.

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Intelligence and salivary testosterone levels in prepubertal children

Cited by 25 publications

References 63 publications

Differences in salivary testosterone, digit ratio and empathy between intellectually gifted and control boys

Differences in salivary testosterone, digit ratio and empathy between intellectually gifted and control boys

Potential role of pre- and postnatal testosterone levels in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: is there a sex difference?

Is there a relationship between the performance in a chronometric mental‐rotations test and salivary testosterone and estradiol levels in children aged 9–14 years?

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