Intellectual disability and substance use/misuse: a narrative review

Abstract

Access to this document was granted through an Emerald subscription provided by emerald-srm:368933 [] For AuthorsIf you would like to write for this, or any other Emerald publication, then please use our Emerald for Authors service information about how to choose which publication to write for and submission guidelines are available for all. Please visit www.emeraldinsight.com/authors for more information. About Emerald www.emeraldinsight.comEmerald is a global publisher linking research and practice to the benefit of society. The company manages a portfolio of more than 290 journals and over 2,350 books and book series volumes, as well as providing an extensive range of online products and additional customer resources and services.Emerald is both COUNTER 4 and TRANSFER compliant. The organization is a partner of the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) and also works with Portico and the LOCKSS initiative for digital archive preservation. AbstractPurpose -The purpose of this paper is to provide a narrative review of the literature on substance use/ misuse within an intellectual disability (ID) population. The paper is focused on the prevalence, motivation and implications of substance use as well as the interventions for misuse. Design/methodology/approach -Research focused on substance use and ID (IQ of 70 or less with onset in the developmental period) were considered. Findings -The findings indicate a disparity between research findings regarding the prevalence of substance use/misuse within ID populations. Previous research indicates that individuals with ID may use/ misuse substances as a form of relief or respite from negative experiences. Although there is a clear need for intervention, many of the ID population do not engage with generic interventions for substance misuse. Additionally, professionals responsible for the provision of interventions identify a lack of training and support to meet the needs of ID populations. Research limitations/implications -Minimal research in this areas, barriers to language and demographics being underreported. Practical implications -Highlights problems with the current evidence base and barriers this poses indicates a need for further research and intervention. Social implications -Implications for the equality for individuals with an ID and their access to appropriate intervention. Focus on prevention of offending behaviour and intervention as appose to management. Originality/value -In order to build a greater understanding of this issue, a shared universal language and definition of ID must be implemented. Further research to improve the understanding of why those with ID misuse substances is imperative before designing and implementing useful interventions.

The Wiley Handbook on What Works for Offenders with Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities

“…Alternatively, adapted treatments may be indicated for people who score low on a cognitive assessment yet high on some psychometric instruments indicating specific deficits or treatment needs (Newberry & Shuker, 2011). It is now accepted that people with intellectual disability may also have co-morbid disorders such as personality disorder (Alexander et al, 2010;Rayner, Wood, Beail, & Nagra, 2015;Taylor, 2014;Taylor & Morrissey, 2012) or substance abuse (Day, Lampraki, Ridings, & Currell, 2016;van Dooren, Young, Blackburn, & Claudio, 2015). The focus of treatment may then vary according to the complex interaction between the IDD and the comorbidity.…”