Integrity Assessment of Damaged Flexible Pipe Cross-Sections

Abstract

This paper presents results from a case study performed to evaluate the residual capacity of a 6″ flexible pipe when exposed to corrosion damages in the tensile armour. A three-dimensional nonlinear finite element model was developed using the computer code MARC to evaluate the increase in mean and dynamic stresses for a given number of damaged inner tensile armor wires. The study also includes the effect of these damages with respect to the associated stresses in the pressure spiral. Furthermore, the implications of a sequence of wire failures with respect to the accumulated time until cross-section failure in a probabilistic sense are addressed.

Review of the Development of an Unbonded Flexible Riser: New Material, Types of Layers, and Cross-Sectional Mechanical Properties

“…Pressure armor layer [ 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 ]. The geometric properties of the pressure armor layer are similar to that of the carcass layer, which is a steel self-locking structure with a high laying angle, where the axial tensile and torsional stiffness can be basically ignored.…”