Integrity and characteristics of the bones of the Danish King St Knud (II) the Holy (†AD 1086)

Rasmussen, Kaare Lund; Bennike, Pia; Kjær, Ulla; Rahbek, Uffe

doi:10.1080/0108464x.1997.10590102

Cited by 2 publications

(7 citation statements)

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“…Samples of the tibia of St Canute and the femur of his half-brother Benedikt were radiocarbon dated in 1999 [7]. According to historical sources mentioned above, Benedikt was murdered at the same time and on the same occasion as St Canute.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Also detected, by passive sampling on Tenax TA (NILU and Eurofins methods), were furfural, acetone, acetonitrile, pinene, propanoic acid, tridecane and tetradecane, and a large amount of unidentified hydrocarbons (VOC sum c. 6000 µg m −3 , toluene equivalents). Acetic acid were by Tenax collected at a lower (less complete) amount; about [7]), see Table 3 below 1400 µg m −3 , than by the dedicated organic acid sampler by IVL, which could indicate an even higher total VOC concentration inside the showcase. By the qualitative sampling on SPME were, besides acetic acid, also detected monoterpenes and phenoxy derivatives.…”

Section: Indoor Air Pollutantsmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…Dendrochronological investigations of the shrines and anthropological analyses of the skeletons have been carried out leading up to the 900th anniversary of the martyrdom in 1986 [40,41] and as a preparation for the publication of "Odense Sankt Knuds Kirke" (St Canute's Church in Odense) in the thorough inventory "Danmarks Kirker" in 1995 [1,7,39]. This has answered two of the most discussed questions which emanate from the chaotic find history of the reliquaries.…”

Section: Earlier Investigations and A Possible Displacement Of The Tementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Each reliquary contains the bones of a male individual. One is identified as King Canute the Holy (Kong Knud 2. den Hellige, in Danish, [7]), who was born c. 1040-45 and ruled 1080-1086; the other most likely his younger half-brother Benedikt. Several well-preserved textiles of silk and linen are present in the reliquaries.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Textiles and environment in the showcase containing Saint Canute the Holy († AD 1086): Radiocarbon dating and chemical interactions

et al. 2020

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The cathedral in Odense, Denmark, has for nine centuries held the relics of the Danish King St Canute the Holy and his brother Benedikt. They were both murdered in the predecessor church at the site in AD 1086, and Canute was sanctified in already in AD 1100. The history of the relics has been that of turmoil at times, varying from initial worship of the Catholic believers, to being walled up and hidden away after the protestant reformation in AD 1536, and since the 19th Century on display as important heritage objects of national importance. In the present work we have characterised some of the textiles and analysed the air inside the glass showcases exhibiting the 11th Century wooden coffins holding the remains of St King Canute the Holy and his brother together with some precious textiles. Contrary to previous belief, we now prove that all the textiles analysed have the same age, which is consistent with the time of the enshrinement of the King and his brother in AD 1100. It is also shown that some of the textiles were treated with paraffin wax, most likely during attempts at conservation at the National Museum in the nineteenth century. The results of the air chemistry analyses show the problematic side of simultaneously storing of slowly decaying wood, fine textiles, and human bones in rather airtight environments. The wood continuously releases organic acids, the soaring concentrations of which are potentially harmful to the 11th Century textiles and probably also to the bones.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Indoor Air Pollutantsmentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Earlier Investigations and A Possible Displacement Of The Tementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Textiles and environment in the showcase containing Saint Canute the Holy († AD 1086): Radiocarbon dating and chemical interactions

et al. 2020

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“…1. The showcase is situated in an open crypt in the Sankt Knuds Cathedral in Odense, and the bones of the saint are placed in the original wooden coffin from AD 1100 together with large amounts of textile making up the majority of the volume within the showcase [18,19]. The showcase was constructed for the purpose in 1875 and like all nineteenth century showcases it is relatively air tight, although not completely, as will be discussed further below.…”

Section: A Showcasementioning

confidence: 99%

Monitoring the accumulated water soluble airborne compounds deposited on surfaces of showcases and walls in museums, archives and historical buildings

et al. 2017

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Background: Cultural heritage objects are subject to the deposition of a multitude of airborne pollutants even when kept inside museums, archives, historical buildings or showcases. Some of the pollutants are quickly deposited onto any available surface, including the interior walls and CH objects themselves. This might make the compounds seem absent from analyses of indoor air samples.Context and purpose of the study: A new method of detecting water soluble pollutants without taking samples from the interior walls or from the CH objects themselves has been developed. The method involves sampling the pollutants accumulated on a surface near the CH object, e.g. a nearby wall or an interior glass surface of a showcase. The samples were obtained by gently flushing the surface with deionised water to collect the ions readily removed from the surface. The method was tested on a variety of surfaces. . The resulting concentrations were converted to µEq, providing the ionic balance and the relative amounts of the ions and elements present. Ionic balance was observed on smooth and inert surfaces, but in some cases the chemistry of the wall contributed to the flush water. Solid samples of some of the surfaces have been analysed by XRF to clarify these more complex situations. Conclusions:Clear results appear from smooth or well defined surfaces, whereas more complex situations arise when the underlying surface itself contributes to the flush water. The method is working very well and is easy and cheap to implement by curators and conservators, who can the send the flush water to specialized laboratories. Brief summary:A new methodology capable of monitoring the accumulated airborne deposits on surfaces in showcases and historic buildings is presented and tested. The method is cheap and is easy to implement by curators and conservators and allows the assessment of threats to the CH objects which are not always observed by analyses of the indoor air.

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Integrity and characteristics of the bones of the Danish King St Knud (II) the Holy (†AD 1086)

Cited by 2 publications

References 1 publication

Textiles and environment in the showcase containing Saint Canute the Holy († AD 1086): Radiocarbon dating and chemical interactions

Textiles and environment in the showcase containing Saint Canute the Holy († AD 1086): Radiocarbon dating and chemical interactions

Monitoring the accumulated water soluble airborne compounds deposited on surfaces of showcases and walls in museums, archives and historical buildings

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