Integrative Network Pharmacology of Moringa oleifera Combined with Gemcitabine against Pancreatic Cancer

Abstract

Gemcitabine (GEM) is the first-line chemotherapy drug for patients with advanced pancreatic cancer. Moringa oleifera (MO) exhibited various biological activities, including anticancer effects. Nevertheless, the effectiveness of their combination against pancreatic cancer has not yet been explored. This study evaluates the effect of MO and GEM against pancreatic cancer through network pharmacology. TCMSP, TCMID, and PubMed were used to identify and screen MO bioactive compounds. MO and GEM genes were predicted through DGIdb, CTD, and DrugBank. Pancreatic cancer genes were retrieved from OMIM and MalaCards. Protein–protein interaction (PPI) and compound-target-pathway network were established via STRING and Cytoscape. Gene ontology (GO) and pathway enrichment analysis were conducted using DAVID Bioinformatic Tools. Catechin, kaempferol, quercetin, and epicatechin that met the drug screening requirements, and three additional compounds, glucomoringin, glucoraphanin, and moringinine, were identified as bioactive compounds in MO. Catechin was found to be the main hub compound in MO. TP53, AKT1, VEGFA, and CCND1 from PPI network were discovered as hub genes to have biological importance in pancreatic cancer. GO and pathway analysis revealed that MO and GEM combination was mainly associated with cancer, including pancreatic cancer, through regulation of apoptosis. Combination therapy between MO and GEM might provide insight in pancreatic cancer treatment.

Antiproliferative activity of moringa oleifera's leaves ethanolic extract and docetaxel on lncap cell line and on the level of tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand

“…This result of current study refers to the presence of an enhancement in the anti-proliferative effect of docetaxel when combined with an ethanolic extract of Moring oleifera (seeds and leaves). This finding is consistent with a recent study by (Sahruddin et al, 2021), which found that combining gemcitabine with M oleifera extract improved the chemotherapeutic effect of gemcitabine on pancreatic cancer. The current study's findings are also consistent with the findings of , who found that an ethanolic extract of Moringa oleifera synergized the antiproliferative effect of vesicular stomatitis virus, which has been used as oncolytic viral therapy against cervical cancer cells.…”