Integrative and Sequence Characteristics of a Novel Genetic Element, ICE
            <i>6013</i>
            , in
            <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>

Smyth, Davida S.; Robinson, D. Ashley

doi:10.1128/jb.00352-09

Cited by 49 publications

(75 citation statements)

References 74 publications

(66 reference statements)

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“…ICE6013 was found in 15 of 34 (44%) tested multilocus sequence types of S. aureus, and it was found in all isolates of epidemic methicillin-resistant clones ST239 and North American ST8-USA300 (13,21). It has also been identified in a closely related bacterium called S. aureus CC75, which has been proposed as a separate species, Staphylococcus argenteus (22).…”

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confidence: 98%

“…The function and diversity of ICE6013 are largely unexplored. Of note, an IS30-like DDE transposase (Tpase) encoded by orf1 and orf2 of ICE6013 has been hypothesized to be the recombinase of ICE6013 (13). This hypothesis is based on the observations that ICE6013 carries the IS30-like Tpase instead of a phage-like tyrosine recombinase that is used by many ICE families, including ICEBs1, and that ICE6013 excision-deficient strains have a natural Tn552 disruption of orf2.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…ICE6013 was noted to have relatively low integration site specificity, since the 3-bp target site that forms a direct repeat upon integration was variable in sequence and integration occurred at 11 different loci among 12 different strains of S. aureus (13). According to one analysis, the ICE6013 integration site in strain MRSA252 is adjacent to the strongest hot spot for recombination in the S. aureus chromosome (20).…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Tn5801 belongs to the Tn916 family, which are prototypical conjugative transposons that encode tetracycline resistance and are broadly distributed among Gram-positive bacteria (14). ICE6013 has some sequence similarities to ICEBs1 from Bacillus subtilis but differs substantially in gene content and constitutes a separate family (13). The function and diversity of ICE6013 are largely unexplored.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Two distinct families of ICEs, represented by Tn5801 (12) and ICE6013 (13), have been identified in S. aureus. Tn5801 belongs to the Tn916 family, which are prototypical conjugative transposons that encode tetracycline resistance and are broadly distributed among Gram-positive bacteria (14).…”

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Transposase-Mediated Excision, Conjugative Transfer, and Diversity of ICE 6013 Elements in Staphylococcus aureus

et al. 2017

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ICE6013 represents one of two families of integrative conjugative elements (ICEs) identified in the pan-genome of the human and animal pathogen Staphylococcus aureus. Here we investigated the excision and conjugation functions of ICE6013 and further characterized the diversity of this element. ICE6013 excision was not significantly affected by growth, temperature, pH, or UV exposure and did not depend on recA. The IS30-like DDE transposase (Tpase; encoded by orf1 and orf2) of ICE6013 must be uninterrupted for excision to occur, whereas disrupting three of the other open reading frames (ORFs) on the element significantly affects the level of excision. We demonstrate that ICE6013 conjugatively transfers to different S. aureus backgrounds at frequencies approaching that of the conjugative plasmid pGO1. We found that excision is required for conjugation, that not all S. aureus backgrounds are successful recipients, and that transconjugants acquire the ability to transfer ICE6013. Sequencing of chromosomal integration sites in serially passaged transconjugants revealed a significant integration site preference for a 15-bp AT-rich palindromic consensus sequence, which surrounds the 3-bp target site that is duplicated upon integration. A sequence analysis of ICE6013 from different host strains of S. aureus and from eight other species of staphylococci identified seven divergent subfamilies of ICE6013 that include sequences previously classified as a transposon, a plasmid, and various ICEs. In summary, these results indicate that the IS30-like Tpase functions as the ICE6013 recombinase and that ICE6013 represents a diverse family of mobile genetic elements that mediate conjugation in staphylococci.IMPORTANCE Integrative conjugative elements (ICEs) encode the abilities to integrate into and excise from bacterial chromosomes and plasmids and mediate conjugation between bacteria. As agents of horizontal gene transfer, ICEs may affect bacterial evolution. ICE6013 represents one of two known families of ICEs in the pathogen Staphylococcus aureus, but its core functions of excision and conjugation are not well studied. Here, we show that ICE6013 depends on its IS30-like DDE transposase for excision, which is unique among ICEs, and we demonstrate the conjugative transfer and integration site preference of ICE6013. A sequence analysis revealed that ICE6013 has diverged into seven subfamilies that are dispersed among staphylococci.

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confidence: 98%

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confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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Transposase-Mediated Excision, Conjugative Transfer, and Diversity of ICE 6013 Elements in Staphylococcus aureus

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Transposons: Prokaryotic

Chandler¹

2016

Encyclopedia of Life Sciences

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Transposons are DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) segments found ubiquitously in the genomes of living organisms and capable of moving from place to place within a genome. They are frequently associated with the sequestration and transmission of accessory genes in bacteria and archaea. They carry genes such as resistance to anti‐bacterials, virulence and symbiotic factors and catabolism of xenobiotics. They have a large impact on public health by facilitating the spread of these phenotypic characters. Transposons generate a variety of DNA rearrangements that have profound consequences for cell survival and evolution. These rearrangements are associated with transposition events (catalysed by transposon‐specific enzymes, transposases) but repeated transposon copies can act as portable regions of homology and undergo homologous recombination using the host recombination system. Transposons are diverse in structure, highly regulated by a multitude of mechanisms but only specify a limited number of catalytic chemistries. Transposons can represent a large proportion of prokaryotic genomes. Key Concepts Transposable elements are ubiquitous and show a high degree of diversity. Transposable elements use a limited number of different chemical mechanisms for their transposition. Transposons are key elements in the short‐term evolution of prokaryotic genomes. Trasposons are central to driving the spread of antibiotic resistance.

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Pathogenesis of Staphylococcus aureus in Humans

DeLeo

2015

Human Emerging and Re‐emerging Infections

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Integrative and Sequence Characteristics of a Novel Genetic Element, ICE 6013 , in Staphylococcus aureus

Cited by 49 publications

References 74 publications

Transposase-Mediated Excision, Conjugative Transfer, and Diversity of ICE 6013 Elements in Staphylococcus aureus

Transposase-Mediated Excision, Conjugative Transfer, and Diversity of ICE 6013 Elements in Staphylococcus aureus

Transposons: Prokaryotic

Pathogenesis of Staphylococcus aureus in Humans

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