This essay, comprising an analytical, descriptive, critical-reflexive and concise review of the literature, presents a conceptual-theoretical framework conceived by the multidimensional aspects of critical thinking: ability or capacity for reasoning, skeptical worldview, values and disposition, fundamental in judgment for practitioners of Integrative and Complementary Practices -PIC, better evidence-based decision making and problem solving; establishing a debate about its use in the efficient clinical practice of health care.