“…As shown by our compiled data (Table 1), modeling studies can be performed using different methods, such as estimating cline parameters (Mallet, 1986;Mallet et al, 1990;Meier et al, 2021), using species distribution modeling (Ryan et al, 2018;Marabuto et al, 2023), simulating demographic scenarios and times of divergence (Dasmahapatra et al, 2010;Capblancq et al, 2015Capblancq et al, , 2019, or testing associations between phenotypic diversity and spatial landscape (Rosser et al, 2021). While simulations have the advantage of not requiring sampling across multiple time frames and/or locations, which is often financially and logistically consuming (Buggs, 2007;Wielstra, 2019), it should be noted that models can miss important variables and sometimes depend on scarce and/or dubious occurrence data, or can include erroneous or biased prior assumptions (Merow et al, 2013;Wisz et al, 2013;Duputié et al, 2014;Guillera-Arroita et al, 2015;Marabuto et al, 2023).…”