Integrative Analysis of the Roles of lncRNAs and mRNAs in Itaconate-Mediated Protection Against Liver Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury in Mice

Abstract

Itaconate is well known for its strong anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effect, but little is known about the potential role of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in the underlying mechanisms of hepatic ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury. The aim of our study is to identify lncRNAs related to IR injury and itaconate-mediated protection and to demonstrate the mechanism by which itaconate acts in liver IR injury from the new perspective of lncRNAs. Methods: 4-Octyl itaconate (OI), a membrane-permeable derivative of itaconate, was used as a substitute for itaconate in our study. By using a mouse model of hepatic IR injury, serum and liver samples were collected to measure indexes of liver injury. Then, the liver samples of the mice were subjected to RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) and subsequent bioinformatics analysis. Results: Itaconate attenuated liver IR injury. A total of 138 lncRNAs and 156 messenger RNAs (mRNAs) were markedly differentially expressed in the IR-damaged liver tissues pretreated with OI compared with the matched liver tissues treated with vehicle. Functional analysis indicated that lncRNAs may indirectly participate in the effects of itaconate. Furthermore, 41 mRNAs were examined for the protein-protein interaction (PPI) network analysis, and a key gene cluster was defined. Then, combined the coexpression analysis and the cis and trans regulatory function prediction of lncRNAs, some "candidate" lncRNA-mRNA pairs which might relate to itaconate-mediated liver protection were identified, while the relationship requires future validation. Conclusion:Our study revealed that itaconate could protect the liver against IR injury and that lncRNAs might play a role in this process. Our study provides a novel way to investigate the mechanism by which itaconate affects hepatic IR injury and exerts its anti-inflammatory and antioxidative stress effects.

Aconitate decarboxylase 1 regulates glucose homeostasis and obesity in mice

“…Future studies will be important to test whether itaconate can mitigate PA‐induced insulin resistance through regulation of inflammatory signaling. Itaconate derivatives have been shown to suppress liver inflammation in models of disease [35–38], and it is unknown whether this has any impact on glucose homeostasis. Our data in 3T3‐L1 cells also implicated a possible role for Acod1 in adipocytes as either a potential producer of itaconate or as an effector cell.…”

Comprehensive analysis of transcriptome‐wide M 6 A methylation for hepatic ischaemia reperfusion injury in mice

“…The serum and liver samples collected were further analysed, including serial serum tests, histological examinations [ 20 , 21 ], terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick-end labelling (TUNEL) assays, total m 6 A levels, caspase-3 activity assays, DNA fragmentation ELISAs [ 22 ], and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT‒PCR) analyses. A series of related experiments were carried out with mouse primary hepatocytes isolated by a two-step collagenase perfusion method.…”