Integration of Transcriptome, Proteome, and Metabolome Provides Insights into How Calcium Enhances the Mechanical Strength of Herbaceous Peony Inflorescence Stems

Abstract

Weak stem mechanical strength severely restrains cut flowers quality and stem weakness can be alleviated by calcium (Ca) treatment, but the mechanisms underlying Ca-mediated enhancement of stem mechanical strength remain largely unknown. In this study, we performed a comparative transcriptomic, proteomic, and metabolomic analysis of herbaceous peony (Paeonia lactiflora Pall.) inflorescence stems treated with nanometer Ca carbonate (Nano-CaCO3). In total, 2643 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and 892 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) were detected between the Control and nano-CaCO3 treatment. Among the 892 DEPs, 152 were coregulated at both the proteomic and transcriptomic levels, and 24 DEPs related to the secondary cell wall were involved in signal transduction, energy metabolism, carbohydrate metabolism and lignin biosynthesis, most of which were upregulated after nano-CaCO3 treatment during the development of inflorescence stems. Among these four pathways, numerous differentially expressed metabolites (DEMs) related to lignin biosynthesis were identified. Furthermore, structural observations revealed the thickening of the sclerenchyma cell walls, and the main wall constitutive component lignin accumulated significantly in response to nano-CaCO3 treatment, thereby indicating that Ca can enhance the mechanical strength of the inflorescence stems by increasing the lignin accumulation. These results provided insights into how Ca treatment enhances the mechanical strength of inflorescence stems in P. lactiflora.

β-Aminobutyric Acid Priming Acquisition and Defense Response of Mango Fruit to Colletotrichum gloeosporioides Infection Based on Quantitative Proteomics

“…Importantly, CPK21 was reported to contribute to abiotic stress signaling in Arabidopsis [45], rice [44] and possibly via post transcriptional regulation of transcription factors [44]. Zhao et al reported that CDPK gene was involved in calcium signal transduction and activation of downstream calcium-binding transcription factors, such as NAC and MYB in nanometer CaCO 3 -treated herbaceous peony [46]. Here, the specific upregulation of CDPK (TRINITY_DN70734_c0_g1_m.32913) in BABA + C. gloeosporioides fruit might lead to the initiation of faster downstream signaling, which was beneficial for more rapid and robust fight against pathogen than control fruit.…”

Evaluating the Comprehensive Performance of Herbaceous Peonies at low latitudes by the Integration of Long-running Quantitative Observation and Multi-Criteria Decision Making Approach

“…Then, the scorching summer causes serious heat damage to stems and leaves, which reduces the photosynthetic efficiency and leads to growth inhibition and plant dehydration 11,29,30,64 . Therefore, the two indices of “Upright level of flowering stem ( C 3 )” and “Heat Resistance ( C 8 )” were chosen to evaluate the peony performance under high temperatures in spring and summer 60,62,63 . Two experiments with natural and artificial heat treatments and relevant measurements in the hottest summer of 2013 reflected the maximum heat injury and tolerance of 30 peony cultivars in the central city of Hangzhou (Fig.…”

Advances in molecular biology of Paeonia L.

“…However, this research needs to be validated in plants. Transcriptomic analyses of P. suffruticosa and P. ostii were performed after drought stress by Guo et al (2018a) and Zhao et al (2019b), respectively. In the former study, the drought treatment was initiated by irrigation with tap water until the soil moisture content reached 80%, after which plants were naturally dehydrated for 7 days until the leaves had severely wilted, while plants with a constant soil moisture content of 80% served as the control.…”

“…In addition, plant hormone signaling pathway genes were also involved in the drought response. Zhao et al (2019b) found many DEGs which might participate in P. ostii drought tolerance by detoxifying the reactive oxygen species (ROS) system, chlorophyll degradation and photosynthetic competence, fatty acid, and proline metabolism, biosynthesis of secondary metabolites, and plant hormone metabolism. The dehydration-responsive element-binding (DREB) TF is a protein which plays a very important role by participating in the expression and signaling of downstream genes (Gupta et al 2014).…”