The process of patient’s adaptation to dentures depends on many local and systemic factors such as the functional activity of the Central nervous system, temperament of the patient, the condition of the oral cavity tissues and individual adaptive reactions. This review article presents the results of experimental and clinical trials in which we investigated action of different pharmacological groups on the indicators of patient’s adaptation to dental structures at local and systemic use. A comparative analysis of pharmacological agent’s influence on local and systemic factors of adaptation was made. We discuss the possibilities and perspectives of regulation of the adaptation to orthopedic dental constructions with the help of pharmacological agents. The effectiveness of drugs with stress-protective action and with antioxidant and antihypoxic activity was observed. (For citation: Pozhilova EV, Novikov VE, Urakov AL. The possibilities of pharmacological regulation of the processes of adaptation to dental constructions. Reviews on Clinical Pharmacology and Drug Therapy. 2017;15(2):12-22. doi: 10.17816/RCF15212-22).