Integration of the Biopsychosocial Model: Perspectives of Medical Students and Residents

Astin, John A.; Sierpina, Victor S.; Forys, Kelly L.; Clarridge, Brian

doi:10.1097/acm.0b013e31815c61b0

Cited by 45 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…The 10 most commonly used CAM therapies during the past year were massage (35%), deep breathing exercises (32%), prayer for health reasons (29%), yoga (28%), meditation (25%), diet-based therapies (20%), herbal medicine (18%), progressive relaxation (15%), aromatherapy (13%) and non-vitamin, non-mineral, natural products (10%). Comments suggest that personal use of CAM was a factor in respondent attitudes, consistent with other research in this area [44]. Some participants also stated that they had a different standard for personal CAM use than for recommending CAM to patients.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 74%

Medical Student Attitudes toward Complementary, Alternative and Integrative Medicine

Abbott

Hui

Mandel

et al. 2011

Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine

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While the use of complementary, alternative and integrative medicine (CAIM) is substantial, it continues to exist at the periphery of allopathic medicine. Understanding the attitudes of medical students toward CAIM will be useful in understanding future integration of CAIM and allopathic medicine. This study was conducted to develop and evaluate an instrument and assess medical students' attitudes toward CAIM. The Complementary, Alternative and Integrative Medicine Attitudes Questionnaire (CAIMAQ) was developed by a panel of experts in CAIM, allopathic medicine, medical education and survey development. A total of 1770 CAIMAQ surveys (51% of US medical schools participated) were obtained in a national sample of medical students in 2007. Factor analysis of the CAIMAQ revealed five distinct attitudinal domains: desirability of CAIM therapies, progressive patient/physician health care roles, mind-body-spirit connection, principles of allostasis and a holistic understanding of disease. The students held the most positive attitude for the “mind-body-spirit connection” and the least positive for the “desirability of CAIM therapies”. This study provided initial support for the reliability of the CAIMAQ. The survey results indicated that in general students responded more positively to the principles of CAIM than to CAIM treatment. A higher quality of CAIM-related medical education and expanded research into CAIM therapies would facilitate appropriate integration of CAIM into medical curricula. The most significant limitation of this study is a low response rate, and further work is required to assess more representative populations in order to determine whether the relationships found in this study are generalizable.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 74%

Medical Student Attitudes toward Complementary, Alternative and Integrative Medicine

Abbott

Hui

Mandel

et al. 2011

Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine

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“…Nevertheless, scientific data on the potential of psychological interventions are sparse, and the effect may be underestimated (Andersson, 1999;Astin et al, 2008). However, evidence in favour of this approach is beginning to accumulate.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Mindfulness-based psychological intervention for coping with pain in endometriosis

et al. 2012

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Endometriosis is an important cause of pain and fatigue in fertile women. The disease is often overlooked in general medical practice, and significant delay from onset of symptoms to diagnosis and treatment is common. Severe cases cause chronic pain and reduce work ability and quality of life even after optimal medical treatment. We suggest a psychological intervention based on mindfulness techniques for dealing with pain, and report results from a pilot study with 10 endometriosis patients with chronic pain problems. Participants' level of distress was measured with self-report questionnaires of general health status (SF-36) and endometriosis health profile (EHP-30) pre-and post-intervention and at six-and 12-month follow-ups. Results indicate significant and lasting effects on participants' pain level, well-being, and ability to function in daily life. Although conclusions remain preliminary until tested in a randomized controlled trial, it should be noted that our findings are in line with qualitative studies in women with endometriosis, and with data on the effects of mindfulness in other chronic pain domains. We encourage further studies on this kind of intervention for women with endometriosis.

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“…This is the case even when the inclusion of psycho-social insights to biomedical facts is advocated as compensation for the paradigm's neglect of human subjectivity (Mol 2005). They have little positive impact on the way students and doctors practice medicine (Astin et al 2008), in part because they are (invariably) unsystematized and ungrounded.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Place of Social Science in Medical Education: A Case Study of Language and Culture in Experiential Learning in a Multilingual Society

Marcus

2011

Multicultural Learning and Teaching

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The "biopsychosocial model" is the education paradigm of knowledge that is expected to inform medical practice. Yet in medical education, medical science is the gold standard. Social science barely features in the formal curriculum, and when it does, it is considered best done through experiential learning. This paper analyses "the social" through the issue of language and culture following medical and dental student exposure to experiential learning in a primary health care setting. Using qualitative accounts set out in student reflections, it explores the insights they gain from their experience and the implications these have for medical education and professional knowledge. The evidence suggests that when social issues are not grounded in social scientific theory (through formal education) they are incorporated idiosyncratically into learning and, more often than not, are relegated to the bottom of the medical knowledge value chain. This weak or absent grounding in social science carries major implications for the ability of medical education systems to create skilled clinicians capable of working with the biological, psychological and social complex that is individual and collective health in the contemporary world.

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Integration of the Biopsychosocial Model: Perspectives of Medical Students and Residents

Cited by 45 publications

References 14 publications

Medical Student Attitudes toward Complementary, Alternative and Integrative Medicine

Medical Student Attitudes toward Complementary, Alternative and Integrative Medicine

Mindfulness-based psychological intervention for coping with pain in endometriosis

The Place of Social Science in Medical Education: A Case Study of Language and Culture in Experiential Learning in a Multilingual Society

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