Integration of static and dynamic reservoir data to optimize the generation of subsurface fracture map

Abstract

This paper presents a new three-dimensional fully coupled poroelastic numerical model to simulate pressure transient response of naturally fractured reservoirs. One of the main applications of the new approach is to improve the reservoir characterization by decreasing the uncertainties associated with subsurface fracture map and to understand the interaction between fracture and matrix. The model is based on a hybrid methodology to simulate fluid flow by combining a single continuum and discrete fracture network approaches. To decrease the uncertainty associated with subsurface fracture map, a different realizations of the discrete fracture systems are generated based on image logs, seismic, geological features and the tectonic history of the studied reservoir. An iterative loops have been used between the reservoir static model and dynamic well-test data to optimize the generation of subsurface fracture maps. At each loop, a new discrete fracture system is used and the simulated pressure transient data are compared with the available field data. The process is repeated till the matching between the simulated and the measured pressure transient data is achieved using the most appropriate fracture realization. The numerical model is validated against an analytical pressure transient solution for dual-porosity system, and then applied to a real case taken from fractured basement reservoir in offshore Southern Vietnam. The developed hybrid methodology used to simulate fluid flow and rock deformation to improve the characterization of the fractured basement by simulating the pressure transient testing. The results predicted by the presented model are in a good agreement with field data; also the model was able to predict the fractures network distribution and fractures inherent properties around the tested well.

An Explicit Data-Driven Model for Estimation of Free and Absorbed Gas Volumes in Shale Gas Reservoirs

“…The finite element method (FEM) technique was utilized to discretize the equations that govern fluid flow in two-dimensional space. The FEM is used to solve partial differential equations (PDEs), and it works by dividing the domain of the PDE into a mesh of elements (Azim et al ,, and Hussein et al).…”

Finite Element Model to Simulate Two-Phase Fluid Flow in Naturally Fractured Oil Reservoirs: Part I

“…Azim et al , used the concept of a discrete fracture approach to generate the subsurface fracture map and for relative permeability upscaling from the core scale to the field scale. In addition, Azim et al created a 3-D numerical model to evaluate water conning phenomena to estimate the production potential of fractured basement reservoirs. Azim et al (2017) developed a 3-D fractured model to study the low salinity waterflooding in naturally fractured oil reservoirs.…”

“…Azim et al 11,12 used the concept of a discrete fracture approach to generate the subsurface fracture map and for relative permeability upscaling from the core scale to the field scale. In addition, Azim et al 13 fluid flow through long fractures is simulated using a cubic law, assuming that the fracture is a continuous porous media without any embedded granular materials. The fluid flow equations for fractured porous media are solved using analytical and numerical methods, e.g., finite element method; 15 finite volume method, 16 mixed finite element, 17 and boundary element method.…”

Discrete fracture modeling by integrating image logs, seismic attributes, and production data: a case study from Ilam and Sarvak Formations, Danan Oilfield, southwest of Iran

“…However, the impact of present stresses on reservoirs is most important since they govern the degree of opening of fractures with specific orientations and thereby affect the permeability (khadivi et al 2022). Formations can be fractured due to some reasons such as stress regimes, according to which the four main groups of fractures are tectonic fractures, regional fractures, stylolites, and surface-related fractures (Gudmundsson 1987;Ju and Sun 2016;Laubach et al 2004;Nelson 2001;Azim 2016;Peacock et al 2018).…”