“…As such, the average (absolute max) of observed 3D geometric distortions using the self-designed phantom were 0.0 mm (11.6 mm), −0.2 mm (13.5 mm), and 0.0 mm (4.3 mm) in the X , Y and Z directions, respectively. The details of the approach for the assessment and representation of geometric distortions in MRI are provided in Appendix A and described in detail by Kroll et al [50] .…”