Integration of risks from multiple hazards into a holistic ALARA/ALARP demonstration

Bryant, Peter A; Croft, John; Cole, Peter

doi:10.1088/1361-6498/aa8e53

Cited by 12 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 7 publications

(7 reference statements)

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“…Generally, the ALARA principle remains consistent with the ICRP’s recommendations and is focused on those exposures that can reasonably be controlled. In the UK, the ALARA principle was incorporated into the regulatory regime in the form of ALARP [ 32 ]. A key difference between ALARP and ALARA is the principle’s application to risks from all hazards in totality, rather than being applied solely to radiological hazards.…”

Section: Main Bodymentioning

confidence: 99%

Radiation safety for pain physicians: principles and recommendations

Park

Kim

2022

Korean J Pain

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C-arm fluoroscopy is a useful tool for interventional pain management. However, with the increasing use of C-arm fluoroscopy, the risk of accumulated radiation exposure is a significant concern for pain physicians. Therefore, efforts are needed to reduce radiation exposure. There are three types of radiation exposure sources: (1) the primary X-ray beam, (2) scattered radiation, and (3) leakage from the X-ray tube. The major radiation exposure risk for most medical staff members is scattered radiation, the amount of which is affected by many factors. Pain physicians can reduce their radiation exposure by use of several effective methods, which utilize the following main principles: reducing the exposure time, increasing the distance from the radiation source, and radiation shielding. Some methods reduce not only the pain physician’s but also the patient’s radiation exposure. Taking images with collimation and minimal use of magnification are ways to reduce the intensity of the primary X-ray beam and the amount of scattered radiation. It is also important to carefully select the C-arm fluoroscopy mode, such as pulsed mode or low-dose mode, for ensuring the physician’s and patient’s radiation safety. Pain physicians should practice these principles and also be aware of the annual permissible radiation dose as well as checking their radiation exposure. This article aimed to review the literature on radiation safety in relation to C-arm fluoroscopy and provide recommendations to pain physicians during C-arm fluoroscopy-guided interventional pain management.

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Section: Main Bodymentioning

confidence: 99%

Radiation safety for pain physicians: principles and recommendations

Park

Kim

2022

Korean J Pain

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“…Tran et al (2000) recommends a flexible risk management framework and assessment of multiple or cumulative risks as an approach to dealing with the differences between the top-down radiation safety ALARA approach, and the bottom-up numeric targets approach. Bryant et al (2017), modified the radiation safety ALARA procedure to sit within a holistic hazard assessment framework for multiple hazards (Figure 4). ERA is adopting this framework of combined options-risk assessments in an iterative approach to identify a rehabilitation strategy with environmental impacts on the RPA from exposure to chemical pollutants that are ALARA.…”

Section: As Low As Reasonably Achievablementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Using the approach demonstrated by Bryant et al (2017), ERA's BPT and risk management processes can be used, iteratively if required, to identify closure options that provide an ALARA outcome according to the process.…”

Section: As Low As Reasonably Achievablementioning

confidence: 99%

Multiple frameworks informing closure criteria at Ranger Mine

Iles¹

2022

Mine Closure 2022: 15th Conference on Mine Closure

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The Ranger Project Area (RPA), site of Energy Resources of Australia Ltd.'s Ranger Mine, is surrounded by (but separate from) Kakadu National Park (KNP) World Heritage Place and Ramsar wetland. Closure requirements differ for on and off the RPA.The Mirarr Indigenous landowners source food and drinking water up and downstream of the mine and wish to resume these activities on the site after closure. The regulatory Environmental Requirements (ERs) specify that waters and tailings from the mine must not impact the KNP values which includes the local Indigenous culture, health of the local people and the biodiversity and ecological processes of the region. The ERs also state that impacts on the RPA must be as low as reasonably achievable (ALARA). Closure criteria for water and sediment on and off the RPA need to support these diverse values and goals.The ANZG ( 2018) water quality monitoring framework (WQMF) was used to identify indicators to represent KNP values, human health and biodiversity and derive water and sediment quality criteria to support management of these values. Risk and vulnerability assessments were used, as relevant components in the WQMF, to assess the results of sediment and water quality monitoring and predicted post-closure water quality.ALARA is widely understood and applied to radiation hazards but not chemical hazards. A fourth framework is required to provide information that will be used to assess if impacts on the RPA are ALARA. This paper demonstrates the role of these frameworks in water and sediment closure criteria development at Ranger Mine.

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“…During radiology examinations, radiology professionals must provide radiation protection to patients. During mobile examinations, implement workers must perform the ‘as low as reasonably achievable’ (ALARA) procedures by employing the shortest possible exposure time, ensuring the optimum distance between the radiation source and the patient and applying proper patient, self and staff shielding [ 10 , 11 ]. The study was distinctive since it was the first to examine how radiation protection and infection control were practiced during the COVID-19 pandemic in the radiology department.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Infection control and radiation safety practices in the radiology department during the COVID-19 outbreak

2022

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Rationale and objectives Radiology personnel must have good knowledge, experience and adherence to radiation protection and infection control practices to ensure patient safety and prevent the further spread of the COVID-19 virus. This study analysed compliance and adherence to radiation protection and infection control during COVID-19 mobile radiography. Methods A cross-sectional using online survey was conducted from September to December 2021. Data on demographic characteristics, adherence to radiation protection and infection control practice were collected during mobile radiography for COVID-19 patients in the study. A random sample of the radiographers working in COVID-19 centres in the United Arab Emirates. Results Responses were received from 140 participants, with a response rate of 87.5%. Females were the predominant participants (n = 81; 58%). Participants aged ages between 18–25 years (n = 46; 33%) and 26–35 years (n = 42; 30%), (n = 57; 41%) had less than five years of experience, followed by participants who had more than 15 years (n = 38; 27%). Most participants (n = 81; 57.9%) stated that they performed approximately 1–5 suspected or confirmed COVID-19 cases daily. The participants had moderate to high adherence to radiation protection, with a mean and standard deviation of 42.3 ± 6.28. Additionally, infection control adherence was high, with 82% of the participants showing high adherence. Conclusion Continuous guidance, training and follow-up are recommended to increase adherence and compliance to radiation protection and infection control compliance. Educational institutions and professional organisations must collaborate to provide structured training programmes for radiology practitioners to overcome the practice and knowledge gap.

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Integration of risks from multiple hazards into a holistic ALARA/ALARP demonstration

Cited by 12 publications

References 7 publications

Radiation safety for pain physicians: principles and recommendations

Radiation safety for pain physicians: principles and recommendations

Multiple frameworks informing closure criteria at Ranger Mine

Infection control and radiation safety practices in the radiology department during the COVID-19 outbreak

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