Integration of Linkage and Chromosome Maps of Red Clover (&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Trifolium pratense&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt; L.)

Kataoka, Ryohei; Hara, Masaki; Kato, Seiji; Isobe, Sachiko; Tabata, Satoshi; Ohmido, Nobuko

doi:10.1159/000339509

Cited by 14 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 65 publications

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“…Variability within the 28 individual JEH plants was assessed using FISH on the level of different number and localization of both 5S and 45S rDNA. Hybridization of rDNA probes to maternal T. pratense shows 8 clusters of 5S rDNA repeats and 8 clusters of 45S rDNA repeats, which is in concordance with previous reports (Kataoka et al 2012). Hybridization to paternal T. medium shows 12 clusters of 5S rDNA loci and 8 clusters of 45S rDNA on separate chromosomes, and this has never been reported previously.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 92%

“…Plant JEH 20/2 had a cluster of 5S rDNA surrounded by 45S rDNA clusters from both sides, and plants JEH 35/7 and 42/2 had a 45S rDNA cluster surrounded by 5S rDNA clusters from both sides (Figure 3). None of these formations has been observed to date in any other Trifolium species (Ansari et al 1999(Ansari et al , 2008Williams et al 2001;Kataoka et al 2012;Falistocco et al 2013).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 93%

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Impact of interspecific hybridization of T. pratense × T. medium and backcrossing on genetic variability of progeny

Dluhošová¹,

Řepková²,

Jakešová³

et al. 2016

CZECH J GENET PLANT

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Dluhošová J., Řepková J., Jakešová H., Nedělník J. (2016): Impact of interspecific hybridization of T. pratense × T. medium and backcrossing on genetic variability of progeny. Czech J. Genet. Plant Breed., 52: 125-131.Red clover (Trifolium pratense L.) is a high-quality fodder crop which has been hybridized successfully with its wild relative zigzag clover (T. medium L.). The aim of this study was to evaluate the genetic impact of interspecific hybridization and subsequent repeated backcrossing on the variability within hybrid progeny genomes. Nuclear DNA content of 800 and 753 hybrid plants from F 7 /F 8 and F 8 /F 9 generations, respectively, was measured by flow cytometry. Resulting values were converted to estimated chromosome counts, which were successfully validated on a sample of 28 plants by counting mitotic chromosomes. The two generations showed a similar distribution of various chromosome counts ranging from 22 to 47 chromosomes. In total, 24.0% and 34.3% of plants from the two generations had different numbers of chromosomes from their parental plants. Variability within the hybrid population was assessed by fluorescent in situ hybridization using rDNA probes. Individual plants had a pattern of 5S and 45S rDNA loci rather more similar to that of T. pratense than of T. medium. Numbers of chromosomes with clusters of 5S rDNA ranged from 6 to 14 while those of 45S rDNA varied between 4 and 13. Individual arrangements were almost unique, and some plants possessed also novel formations which were not present in any of the parental species, such as a cluster of 5S rDNA surrounded by 45S rDNA clusters or a 45S rDNA cluster surrounded by 5S rDNA clusters. This suggests complex rearrangements connected with posthybridization stabilization of hybrid genomes.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 93%

Impact of interspecific hybridization of T. pratense × T. medium and backcrossing on genetic variability of progeny

Dluhošová¹,

Řepková²,

Jakešová³

et al. 2016

CZECH J GENET PLANT

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“…The 5S rDNA loci were detected proximal to the NOR signals on the short arm of chromosome 1 and at another two loci on the short arm of chromosome 2. These results also demonstrated polymorphisms of rRNA genes and their locations among different varieties of red clover (Kataoka et al 2012). An Arabidopsis-type telomeric sequence (TTTAGGG)n was found to be present in red clover (Pedrosa et al 2002).…”

Section: Genome and Karyotypementioning

confidence: 65%

“…The lengths of the prometaphase chromosomes ranged from 5.1 to 7.4 μm, and uneven condensation patterns were observed that could be useful in chromosome identification. The genome structure of red clover using fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) was investigated by Sato et al (2005) and Kataoka et al (2012). Some chromosomes were distinguished using 26S and 5S rDNA probes.…”

Section: Genome and Karyotypementioning

confidence: 99%

Modern methods for genetic improvement of Trifolium pratense.

Řepková¹,

Nedĕlník²

2014

CZECH J GENET PLANT

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This review focuses on trends in genetic improvement of a significant representative forage crop, Trifolium pratense (red clover) classified taxonomically into the agronomically outstanding family Fabaceae. Red clover breeding is aimed at improving traits like persistency, resistance to biotic and abiotic factors, forage yield and quality characteristics such as protein quality and stability. Isoflavone content in forage is important for cattle reproduction. Interspecific hybridization of red clover with the related wild species T. medium was used for the introgression of useful traits into red clover. The breeding strategy for the new variety Pramedi included hybrid plants with different DNA contents, repeated backcrosses with red clover, followed by family selection. New techniques of molecular genetics are becoming available to breeders for transferring key and complex traits into improved red clover varieties. Techniques such as marker-assisted selection and candidate gene identification can increase the speed and precision with which traits may be selected. Comparative sequence data analyses helped to identify genes for polyphenol oxidase enzymes and isoflavone synthase in red clover useful for DNA genotyping of individuals and breeding of improved high-quality red clover varieties.Keywords: candidate gene; genetic marker; molecular genetics; red clover; wide hybridization Throughout the history of plant breeding, breeders have endeavoured to improve crop yields and quality, always in the context of the latest knowledge and demands of users. This paper focuses on trends in genetic improvement of a significant representative forage crop, Trifolium pratense L. (red clover), by modern methods. The review summarizes current knowledge of the red clover genome and prospects for using molecular genetics to improve that genome.The genus Trifolium L. is classified taxonomically into the tribe Trifoliae of the large and agronomically outstanding family Fabaceae. It comprises approximately 240 species (Zohary & Heller 1984) of annual and perennial herbs commonly known as clovers, both wild and cultivated. Red clover is an important forage legume that is widely cultivated in most temperate regions and is grown in pastures for grazing, sown as a companion crop, and harvested for hay (Smith et al. 1985; Taylor & QueenSberry 1996). It is also used as a green manure crop because of its high nutrient content resulting partly from symbiosis with nitrogen-fixing bacteria of the genus Rhizobium.In Europe and worldwide, red clover breeding is focused on improving traits like persistency, resistance to biotic and abiotic factors, and forage yield and quality characteristics such as protein quality and stability, fermentable carbohydrate content, and cell wall digestibility. The benefits of protecting plant proteins from degradation in the rumen have been established. Polyphenol oxidase (PPO) enzymes catalyse the aerobic conversion of monophenols to o-phenols and finally to o-quinones (Macheix et al. 1991) and are present in sign...

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“…The first consensus high-density linkage map contained 1,414 simple sequence repeats (SSRs), 181 amplified fragment length polymorphisms, and 228 restriction fragment length polymorphisms (Isobe et al, 2009). The structure of the red clover genome has been investigated using fluorescence in situ hybridization (Sato et al, 2005; Kataoka et al, 2012). The genome also has been compared with those of related species (white clover, M. truncatula and L. japonicus ) using DNA markers (Isobe et al, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gene Classification and Mining of Molecular Markers Useful in Red Clover (Trifolium pratense) Breeding

et al. 2017

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Red clover (Trifolium pratense) is an important forage plant worldwide. This study was directed to broadening current knowledge of red clover's coding regions and enhancing its utilization in practice by specific reanalysis of previously published assembly. A total of 42,996 genes were characterized using Illumina paired-end sequencing after manual revision of Blast2GO annotation. Genes were classified into metabolic and biosynthetic pathways in response to biological processes, with 7,517 genes being assigned to specific pathways. Moreover, 17,727 enzymatic nodes in all pathways were described. We identified 6,749 potential microsatellite loci in red clover coding sequences, and we characterized 4,005 potential simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers as generating polymerase chain reaction products preferentially within 100-350 bp. Marker density of 1 SSR marker per 12.39 kbp was achieved. Aligning reads against predicted coding sequences resulted in the identification of 343,027 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers, providing marker density of one SNP marker per 144.6 bp. Altogether, 95 SSRs in coding sequences were analyzed for 50 red clover varieties and a collection of 22 highly polymorphic SSRs with pooled polymorphism information content >0.9 was generated, thus obtaining primer pairs for application to diversity studies in T. pratense. A set of 8,623 genome-wide distributed SNPs was developed and used for polymorphism evaluation in individual plants. The polymorphic information content ranged from 0 to 0.375. Temperature switch PCR was successfully used in single-marker SNP genotyping for targeted coding sequences and for heterozygosity or homozygosity confirmation in validated five loci. Predicted large sets of SSRs and SNPs throughout the genome are key to rapidly implementing genome-based breeding approaches, for identifying genes underlying key traits, and for genome-wide association studies. Detailed knowledge of genetic relationships among breeding material can also be useful for breeders in planning crosses or for plant variety protection. Single-marker assays are useful for diagnostic applications.

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Integration of Linkage and Chromosome Maps of Red Clover (<b><i>Trifolium pratense</i></b> L.)

Cited by 14 publications

References 65 publications

Impact of interspecific hybridization of T. pratense × T. medium and backcrossing on genetic variability of progeny

Impact of interspecific hybridization of T. pratense × T. medium and backcrossing on genetic variability of progeny

Modern methods for genetic improvement of Trifolium pratense.

Gene Classification and Mining of Molecular Markers Useful in Red Clover (Trifolium pratense) Breeding

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