Integration of heat pumps in distribution grids: Economic motivation for grid control

Nykamp, Stefan; Molderink, Albert; Bakker, Vincent; Toersche, Hermen A.; Hurink, Johann L.; Smit, Gerard J. M.

doi:10.1109/isgteurope.2012.6465605

Cited by 26 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…However, such schemes can lead to a significant increase in grid costs as new demand peaks will rise in response to low price periods. In [5], the authors used a model to calculate the cost of exploitation and network planning and conclude that grid costs can exceed the cost reductions on the consumer side, when a PBP is used.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stochastic portfolio management of an electric vehicles aggregator under price uncertainty

Ruelens

Weckx

Leterme

et al. 2013

IEEE PES ISGT Europe 2013

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This paper considers the portfolio management problem of a flexibility aggregator under uncertainty on realtime prices. Solving this stochastic optimal control problem in a reasonable time, considering overall scalability, comfort settings and grid constraints, is a challenging task. This paper tackles these problems by making use of a Three-Step Approach (TSA). Two control approaches are considered in the second step of the TSA: Model Predictive Control (MPC) and Approximate Dynamic Programming (ADP). The performance of both controllers for different temporal autocorrelated price profiles is illustrated for an aggregator with a fleet of 1000 electric vehicles. The simulations show that the TSA extended with a stochastic controller can reduce the cost of the aggregator compared to a certainty equivalent approach. The paper concludes by discussing the strength and weaknesses of MPC and ADP in a smart grid setting.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stochastic portfolio management of an electric vehicles aggregator under price uncertainty

Ruelens

Weckx

Leterme

et al. 2013

IEEE PES ISGT Europe 2013

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“…In Ref. [14] the dimensioning of a distribution grid supplying 102 households-each equipped with a heat-pump-is investigated. Applying DSM with price signals strengthens the simultaneous operation of the heat pumps.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simulation of an Air‐to‐Water Heat Pump System to Evaluate the Impact of Demand‐Side‐Management Measures on Efficiency and Load‐Shifting Potential

et al. 2013

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Increasing variable renewable electricity generation in Germany challenges the German electricity supply in terms of mismatch between supply and demand as well as grid stability. Demand side management (DSM), a portfolio of measures to improve the energy system on the consumption side, can contribute to the ability to cope with the upcoming challenges in the future smart power grid.1 Currently, over 500 000 electrical compression heat pumps (HP) provide a potential for DSM in Germany.2, 3, 4 Whereas static load shedding for heat pumps is state‐of‐the‐art, concepts for dynamic load shifting still need to be developed. A variety of heat pump systems (HPS) and control strategies provide different potentials to shift loads. This simulation study has been performed to examine variations of a typical single‐family‐house HPS in terms of efficiency and DSM potential. Six scenarios for 2012 and six scenarios for 2030 are analyzed with varying buffer storage sizes, control strategies, and heat pump capacities. The prior condition for the realization of load shifting through thermal energy storage has been to prevent nominal room temperature changes. The presented results indicate that electrical heat pumps combined with buffer storage are suitable devices for DSM without violating the nominal room temperature. However, the load shifting caused an increased electricity consumption of up to 19 %.

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“…This can create under voltage problems or transformer overloading in low voltage networks [11], [12]. A significant increase of network costs is expected when network restrictions are not taken into account [13]. DSM can be a tool for avoiding tranformer and voltage problems [14], [15] or to solve power system constraints in a distribution system with high wind power penetrations [16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimal real-time pricing for unbalanced distribution grids with network constraints

Weckx

Driesen

D’hulst³

2013

2013 IEEE Power &Amp; Energy Society General Meeting

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In this paper, a real-time pricing algorithm is described that allows different energy providers to share one common network, without violating the network constraints. We consider a smart grid equipped with a two-way communication system. Energy producers, system operator and end-users exchange information through the communication infrastructure in order to converge to the optimal power consumption schedules without violating network limitations. A distributed gradient algorithm automatically manages the interactions between the different agents. Customer behaviour is modelled by utilityfunctions, based on concepts from microeconomics. The proposed algorithm is applied to a 3-phase 4-wire radial grid.

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Integration of heat pumps in distribution grids: Economic motivation for grid control

Cited by 26 publications

References 14 publications

Stochastic portfolio management of an electric vehicles aggregator under price uncertainty

Stochastic portfolio management of an electric vehicles aggregator under price uncertainty

Simulation of an Air‐to‐Water Heat Pump System to Evaluate the Impact of Demand‐Side‐Management Measures on Efficiency and Load‐Shifting Potential

Optimal real-time pricing for unbalanced distribution grids with network constraints

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