Integration of EM-X Biofertilization and Sowing Methods on Encouragement of Sunflower Productivity and Charcoal Rot Control under Reclaimed Soil Conditions

Abstract

Two field experiments were carried out at 6 October farm, El-Nubaria Province, the desert backyard of El-Behaira Governorate-Egypt during the two successive summer seasons (2010 and 2011) to study the effect of the integration between different sowing methods and different bio fertilization treatments on sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) var. Giza-102 productivity and charcoal rot disease management caused by Macrophomina phaseolina (Tassi) Goidunder the reclaimed soil conditions. Rides sowing methods were found to be more effective in reducing M.phaseolina population and charcoal rot, therefore enhance sunflower productivity compared to the other examined sowing methods. EM-X { EM1 + Bacillus subtilis + mycorrhiza + Azotobacter sp.} was found to be more effective in reducing M.phaseolina population and charcoal rot, therefore enhance sunflower productivity compared to the other examined biofertilization treatments including the conventional chemical fertilization as the control treatment. The integration between ridges sowing method with tillage and EM-X{ EM1 + B. subtilis + mycorrhiza + Azotobacter sp.} was found to be the furthermost advised agricultural practices under these conditions as land degradation neutrality (LDN) technology that enhances land cover and area unit productivity under these conditions.

Impact of Bio and Organic Soil Amendments on Sunflower Damping-Off and Root-Rot Diseases Under Reclaimed Soil

“…The biofertilizer treatments were added with irrigation water. It consisted of four treatments as follows; without treatment (control), EM1 (4 L/fed with irrigation water 0.4%), EM5 (4 L/fed with irrigation water 0.4%) and EM-X (EM1+Bacillus subtilus+Azotobacter chrococcum+arbuscular mycorrhiza 4 L/fed with irrigation water 0.4%) according to Abdel-Ati and El-Hadidy (2017). The experimental design that used in this experiment was strip plot design in four replicates, where the organic amendment treatments were the first strip, the biofertilizers treatments were arranged in the second strip.…”