Integration of cleaner production (CP) and sustainable supply chain management (SSCM):CP + SSCM → CPSSCM –Inspired from impacts of Cleaner production on China's macrophyte-dominated eutrophic lakes

Internal Nitrogen Cycle in Macrophyte-Dominated Eutrophic Lakes: Mechanisms and Implications for Ecological Restoration

“…In this self-enforced internal N cycle process, biodynamics acts as an important force for sustainable N supply, leading to the problem of macrophyte overgrowth. Accompanying this N cycle is the mass volume accumulation of debris deposition, , which greatly accelerates the dying speed of MDE lakes. This indicates that, even when external pollution is completely eliminated, problematic macrophyte overgrowth will still likely exist.…”

“…Although external pollution and nutrients from industrial and agricultural waste have been controlled since China’s 11th five-year planning period (2006–2010), the eutrophic conditions have not improved markedly because of internal nutrient cycling. Furthermore, because of the heavy “underwater forest”, the lake is being buried by macrophyte debris at a rate of 0.7–1.1 cm/year, a trend that has greatly accelerated the decomposition of the lake …”

“…MDE lakes are characterized by the overgrowth of fast-growing tolerant macrophytes, which fill the lake with an expanding canopy, reduce the biodiversity and ecosystem services of the lake, and accelerate the dying processes of the lake due to the deposition of debris . As summarized in the review by Thiemer et al, macrophyte overgrowth is a worldwide aquatic problem, , and considerable resources are spent every year on macrophyte removal. , MDE problems are especially prominent in shallow lakes, , such as China’s largest MDE lakes, including Dongting, Baiyangdian, and Wuliangsu lakes .…”

“…MDE lakes are characterized by the overgrowth of fast-growing tolerant macrophytes, which fill the lake with an expanding canopy, reduce the biodiversity and ecosystem services of the lake, and accelerate the dying processes of the lake due to the deposition of debris . As summarized in the review by Thiemer et al, macrophyte overgrowth is a worldwide aquatic problem, , and considerable resources are spent every year on macrophyte removal. , MDE problems are especially prominent in shallow lakes, , such as China’s largest MDE lakes, including Dongting, Baiyangdian, and Wuliangsu lakes . All of these lakes face a new problem of accumulation of a large amount of macrophyte debris (i.e., 900000 t in Dongting Lake annually) at present because macrophytes have not been harvested since the small local pulp mills were forced to be closed by China’s Cleaner Production Policy .…”

“…As summarized in the review by Thiemer et al, macrophyte overgrowth is a worldwide aquatic problem, , and considerable resources are spent every year on macrophyte removal. , MDE problems are especially prominent in shallow lakes, , such as China’s largest MDE lakes, including Dongting, Baiyangdian, and Wuliangsu lakes . All of these lakes face a new problem of accumulation of a large amount of macrophyte debris (i.e., 900000 t in Dongting Lake annually) at present because macrophytes have not been harvested since the small local pulp mills were forced to be closed by China’s Cleaner Production Policy . More importantly, recent research has shown that some PDE lakes can become MDE lakes after phytoplankton control and also after macrophyte over-removal .…”