Integration, Identity and Stability in the Plant Association

Langford, Arthur N.; Buell, Murray F.

doi:10.1016/s0065-2504(08)60257-3

Cited by 42 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…It has been shown that mycorrhizal fungi are crucial in the functioning of many climax species in a variety of ecosystems. Their presence or absence then can be a determinant factor in the control of successional patterns (Langford & Buell, 1969;Reeves et al, 1979Reeves et al, , 1982.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Secondary successional patterns in a sagebrush (Artemisia tridentata) community as they relate to soil disturbance and soil biological activity

1985

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The relationship between secondary succession, soil disturbance, and soil biological activity were studied on a sagebrush community (Artemisia tridentata) in the Piceance Basin of northwestern Colorado, U.S.A. Four levels of disturbance were imposed. I: the vegetation was mechanically removed and as much topsoil as possible was left; 2: the vegetation was mechanically removed and the topsoil scarified to a depth of 30 cm; 3: topsoil and subsoil were removed to a depth of I m, mixed and replaced; 4: topsoil and subsoil were removed to a depth of 2 m and replaced in a reverse order. Plant species composition, dehydrogenase and phosphatase enzymatic activity, mycorrhizae infection potentials, and percent organic matter were the variables measured.Treatment 4 drastically altered the pattern of vegetation succession. Treatments 2, 3, and 4 started with Salsola iberica as the dominant species but six years later, 3 and to lesser extent 2 changed in the direction of the species composition of l, dominated by perennial grasses and perennial forbs. Treatment 4 developed a shrub dominated community. The rate of succession was not decreased by the increased levels of disturbance. Both dehydrogenase enzyme activity and mycorrhizae infection potential (M1P) increased with the change from Salsola iberica to a vegetation dominated by either perennial grasses and forbs or shrubs. The intensity of disturbance in 2, 3, and 4 reduced drastically dehydrogenase activity and MIP, but in six years they recovered to levels comparable to 1. Phosphatase enzyme activity and organic matter were unrelated to species composition but related to treatment and time elapsed. In both cases a significant decrease was observed throughout the six-year period.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Secondary successional patterns in a sagebrush (Artemisia tridentata) community as they relate to soil disturbance and soil biological activity

1985

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“…There can be no doubt that some degree of integration in the sense of interaction between species and consequent modification of species' behaviours occurs in most plant communities (see, for example, Poor, 1964;Langford and Buell, 1969). A good example is provided by the fact that the ecological optima of species in competition on environmental gradients do not correspond with the physiological optima that become apparent where the species are grown in isolation from each other (Ellenberg, 1953; see also Mueller-Dombois and Ellenberg, 1974).…”

Section: Later Developmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gleason, H.A. 1939: The individualistic concept of the plant association. The American Midland Naturalist 21, 92-110

Matthews

1996

Progress in Physical Geography: Earth and Environment

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“…It has often been implied and sometimes been stated explicitly (McIntosh, 1967;Whittaker, 1962Whittaker, , 1967) that the continuous variation usually found in the results of quantitative vegetation analysis has discredited the Clementsian view of vegetation and has supported the Gleasonian view (for a contrary opinion, see Langford & Buell, 1969). Goodall (1963) showed that the relations between the individualistic concept and the unclassifiable continuum (both Gleason's ideas) were not so simple.…”

Section: Plant Community Theory and Quantitative Plant Ecologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Relations between community theory and community analysis in vegetation science: some historical perspectives

Noy‐Meir

Maarel

1987

Vegetatio

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Relations between community theory and community analysis are elucidated from a historical viewpoint. Four groups of relevant aspects are distinguished. This paper concentrates on aspects of spatial variation in species composition and species distribution relations.Three major elements of community theory are discussed: the response of species to habitat conditions, interactions between species (competition, facilitation), and chance and random processes, both in the environment (disturbance) and in populations (dispersal). The debate island biogeography is used as a starting point for reviewing some theories about vegetation in terms of the elements they involve.Early community theories are discussed with emphasis on Clements ('competition', 'facilitation') versus Gleason ('chance'), and Braun-Blanquet ('habitat') versus Du Rietz ('habitat', 'competition', 'chance'). Du Rietz's theory of vegetation is manysided and well ahead of its time. Then the development and significance of quantitative plant ecology for community theory is treated with emphasis on Whittaker ('habitat', 'competition') versus Goodall ('habitat', 'facilitation'). The potential use of objective and quantitative methods of analysis for hypothesis testing should be explored much further.New theoretical ideas are summarized, including the role of the regeneration cycle of individual plants and neighbour interactions. Both interaction experiments and models for community dynamics will contribute to the general theory of plant communities. Perspectives for the development and testing of null hypotheses in vegetation science are discussed in view of the mutual relationships between community theory and community analysis, and the relations with dominance -diversity studies and multi-species pattern analysis indicated. The simplest hypothesis, i.e. that species combinations occur in sites independently and at random, is of little value. The next step would be that observed co-occurrences are determined by the overlap of species distributions over habitats. Then hypotheses on interaction and facilitation become relevant.

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Integration, Identity and Stability in the Plant Association

Cited by 42 publications

References 58 publications

Secondary successional patterns in a sagebrush (Artemisia tridentata) community as they relate to soil disturbance and soil biological activity

Secondary successional patterns in a sagebrush (Artemisia tridentata) community as they relate to soil disturbance and soil biological activity

Gleason, H.A. 1939: The individualistic concept of the plant association. The American Midland Naturalist 21, 92-110

Relations between community theory and community analysis in vegetation science: some historical perspectives

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