“…Bovine carcasses can be contaminated during the slaughter process through the contact with the animal's skin and hair, limbs, blood, stomach, gut contents, bile and other excretions, facilities, equipment, and hands and worker's clothes (RAHKIO; KORKEALA, 1997;SAMMARCO et al, 1997;SIRAGUSA et al, 1998;SMULDERS;GREER, 1998;DELAZARI et al, 1998;STOPFORTH et al, 2007;SOFOS, 2008). Carcass washing, chilling, storage (ESCUTIA, 1996McEVOY et al, 2004), and processing (BAIRD et al, 2006;KOOHMARAIE et al, 2007) can also contribute to the reduction of the final microbial load on beef.…”