Integrating inorganic NP application and Bradyrhizobium inoculation to minimize production cost of peanut (Arachis hypogea L.) in eastern Ethiopia

Abstract

Background: Integrated application of inorganic NP and inoculation of Bradyrhizobium sp. exhibits various effect on nodulation and productivity of peanut in different locations. Therefore, this field experimental was set up in Fedis and Babile to investigate the effect of nitrogen, phosphorus and Bradyrhizobium inoculation on nodulation and yield of peanut. Methods: Fourteen treatments were laid out in randomized complete block with three replications. Results: ANOVA revealed that the main effect of Bradyrhizobium inoculation, N and P and their two and three ways interaction had significant effect on most of the investigated traits of peanut. Applying 20 kg N ha −1 significantly enhanced the nodule number (NN) and nodule dry weight (NDW) at Fedis but reduction of nodulation was found at Babile site. Phosphorus application at 60 and 30 kg P 2 O 5 ha −1 significantly increased the NDW by 88.4 and 34% over the P control at Babile and Fedis site, respectively. A significant increase in grain yield at 60 and 30 kg P 2 O 5 ha −1 was also observed at Babile and Fedis, respectively. Although Bradyrhizobium increased the nodulation at Fedis site, this effect was not observed on yield of peanut. A significant increase in NN and NDW by inoculation was found with only when N was not applied either of the locations. However, inorganic N application increased plant N accumulation at Babile site. Conclusions: According to the results from the field experiments, the yield of peanut at Babile and Fedis can be enhanced by applying 60 and 30 kg P 2 O 5 ha −1 , respectively, with background rhizobia. Although P application increase the yield of peanut, the yield is still far below the potential yield of peanut reported elsewhere. Hence, further investigation of other yield limiting factors in the study sites is needed.

Supplementing Nitrogen in Combination with Rhizobium Inoculation and Soil Mulch in Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) Production System: Part II. Effect on Phenology, Growth, Yield Attributes, Pod Quality, Profitability and Nitrogen Use Efficiency

“…A sufficient amount of N is an integral component of protein development and is essential to the structure and function of chloroplast and photosynthesis, which significantly contribute to higher biomass accumulation [31]. Additionally, Agraw [20] opined that Bradyrhizobium inoculation combined with application of the recommended N resulted in 25% higher total biomass accumulation by peanut plants. Badawi et al [32] reported that Rh inoculation resulted in 40.58% and 21.02% higher shoot and root dry weights, respectively, over the uninoculated plants.…”

“…The legume-Rh symbiosis is one of the most well-known plant microorganism interactions, and accounts for almost 41 kg N ha −1 added into soils annually in peanut cultivation [19]. Argaw [20] reported significant increases in peanut dry matter, nodule number, grain yield and plant N uptake in eastern Ethiopia when N was applied at intermediary rates (20 kg ha −1 ) and combined with Rh inoculation as compared to no N and Rh application. However, growth and yield potential were sharply decreased with higher dose, viz., 40 kg N ha −1 in similar experiment.…”

Effect of Nitrogen Fertilizer and Its Application Timings on the Growth and Yield Traits of Peanut (Arachis Hypogaea L.)

“…The reason for the increase in the second and third dates of application over the vegetative growth date can refer to the addition of nitrogen fertilizer in the flowering stage, leading to a reduction in flower fall and, thus, an increase in the plant's number of pods (Siam et al, 2015;Argaw, 2018). The number of seeds in pods at concentrations of 100 and 150 kg increases due to the decrease in the total pods in these two levels.…”

Supplementing Nitrogen in Combination with Rhizobium Inoculation and Soil Mulch in Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) Production System: Part I. Effects on Productivity, Soil Moisture, and Nutrient Dynamics

“…Asante et al [39] observed that peanut seeds inoculated with Rh had 13-40% higher yields than treatments without inoculation. Argaw [45] concluded that while the application of Bradyrhizobium alone did not improve the kernel yield of peanut, interactions between mineral N fertilizer and Rh did increase kernel yield. Namvar et al [34] found that the interaction of Rh with higher N rates increased kernel and haulm yield compared to plants with the same rate of N fertilization but without Rh inoculation.…”