Integrating Human Behavior and Safety Measure into Evacuation Route Planning in a Volcanic Crisis

Abstract

Many traditional methods in evacuation route planning are motivated by the operational objective, such as total travel/clearance time. Little attention has been given to the human factor and the safety aspect of the evacuees during the planning phase. Our study aims to propose a simple yet practical route planning method that simultaneously considers human behavior, safety factor, and the travel time in a volcanic crisis context. The planning model is developed based on the shortest-path problem with a joint-cost parameter representing the three aspects. We present a large-scale street network in Merapi volcano as a case study. The result implies that employing a joint-cost parameter is effective for creating an evacuation route that is reasonably safe and in line with human cognition in navigation. The finding offers practical insights for the stakeholders as part of the greater effort to develop a systematic disaster management plan.

Occupational Health and Safety Risk Analysis Using AS/NZS Standard 4360:2004 in a Fish Meatball Industry

“…12 of 2012, International Standardization Organization (ISO) 45001:2018 and Australian Standard/New Zealand Standard AS/NZS 4360. Safety studies can uncover stakeholders' knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors, an understanding of which is critical for developing effective OHS interventions [20] [21]. However, the literature shows limited data about research that revealed the risk assessment in fish meatball industries in Indonesia to explore views regarding safety conditions at the workplace, which can be a decisive factor in preventing fatalities, injuries, and illnesses.…”