Integrating Blue and Green Water to Identify Matching Characteristics of Agricultural Water and Land Resources in China

Geng, Qingling; Liu, Hongling; He, Xiaohui; Tian, Zengshan

doi:10.3390/w14050685

Cited by 11 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 39 publications

(39 reference statements)

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“…Most scholars take regional cultivated land or potential cultivated land resources and agricultural water resources as the research objects in order to calculate the water-land matching degree [1,23]. Based on the conception of blue water and green water, Geng et al examined the abundance or deficiency of agricultural water and land resources [24]. Wu and Bao were the first to calculate the matching coefficients of water and land resources between provinces in China and other countries worldwide by developing a Lorenz Curve of agricultural water resources and cultivated land area [25].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Water–Land–Food Nexus for Sustainable Agricultural Development in Main Grain-Producing Areas of North China Plain

Zhu

Bai

Zhang

et al. 2023

Foods

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Stable and sustainable food production is an important guarantee for national security and social stability. The uneven distribution of cultivated land and water resources will threaten national food security. In this study, we adopt the Gini coefficient and water–land matching coefficient for exploring the water–land nexus in the main grain-producing areas of North China Plain (NCP) from 2000 to 2020. The water–land–food nexus considering grain crop production structure is further explored from spatial and temporal multi-scales. The results show the following: (1) The Gini coefficient presents an increasing trend in the NCP, indicating an increasing imbalance in the water–land matching degree among inter-regions. (2) There are significant differences in the WL nexus and WLF nexus among regions, showing a spatial pattern of “worse in the north and better in the south”. (3) The cities which belonged to the low WL-low WLF and high WL-low WLF should be considered as key targets when formulating policies. (4) Adjusting the wheat–maize biannual system, optimizing the grain cultivation structure, promoting semi-dryland farming, and developing low water-consuming and high-yielding crop varieties are essential measures for these regions. The research results provide significant reference for the optimal management and sustainable agricultural development of agricultural land and water resources in NCP.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Water–Land–Food Nexus for Sustainable Agricultural Development in Main Grain-Producing Areas of North China Plain

Zhu

Bai

Zhang

et al. 2023

Foods

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“…In addition, affected by the difference in regional water and soil resource endowment and human factors, Northeast China faces the burden of the high environmental carrying capacity of regional resources behind the high grain yield [51]. Previous studies have noticed the importance of water resources utilization [52] and land resources allocation [53,54]. However, there are few studies on water and soil resources and grain production in the literature, which undoubtedly lacks the methodological support of basic resource research in the field of agricultural production.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coupling Coordination Evaluation of Water and Soil Resource Matching and Grain Production, and Analysis of Obstacle Factors in a Typical Black Soil Region of Northeast China

Chu,

Wu,

Wang

et al. 2024

Sustainability

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The coordinated development of water and soil resource matching and grain production is essential to enhance integrated grain production capacity and promote sustainable development in agriculture. Based on the perspective of a water footprint, this article empirically evaluates the coupling coordination relationship between water and soil resource matching and grain production in typical black soil areas in Northeast China using the coupled coordination degree and the obstacle model and further analyzes the obstacle factors that affect the coordination between the two systems. The results indicate that the blue water footprint, green water footprint, and total water footprint of five grain crops are increasing year by year. Soybean has the largest water footprint per unit mass, tubers have the smallest, and rice has the largest water footprint among cereals. The overall matching degree of water and soil resources in the study area is steadily increasing. However, there are significant differences in the water and soil resource matching coefficients between regions, with the highest being observed in Hegang City and the lowest being observed in Jiamusi City. Coupling remains at a high level and coupling coordination shifts from a low–middle–high to a middle–high stage. The correlation between soil and water resource matching and grain production systems is of significant importance. The degree of matching between water and soil resources serves as the primary obstacle affecting the coupling and coordinated development of integrated systems, which fundamentally restricts the sustainable development of regional agriculture.

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“…In terms of WLRM, much research focuses on the characteristics and spatial-temporal patterns of WLRM [5] and the relationship between WLRM and economic growth or carbon emission [6]. The research objects include areas in the national [7], regional [8], and provincial [9,10] levels. Among them, the Yellow River basin [11], the northeastern region [12], and typical mountainous areas have substantial research results.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial–Temporal Evolution of the Coupling Coordination Degree between Water and Land Resources Matching and Cultivated Land Use Eco-Efficiency: A Case Study of the Major Grain-Producing Areas in the Middle and Lower Reaches of the Yangtze River

Fan

Luo

et al. 2023

Land

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Improving the coupling coordination degree between water and land resources matching (WLRM) and cultivated land use eco-efficiency (CLUE) is crucial to ensuring national food security and constructing an ecological civilization. This study is based on the data of 71 prefecture-level cities in the major grain-producing areas in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River from 2008 to 2020. The unit area water resource method, the slacks-based measurement (SBM)-undesirable, the Theil–Sen median analysis, the Mann–Kendall trend test, the coupling coordination degree model, and the spatial autocorrelation model are adopted to measure and analyze the WLRM, the CLUE, and the coupling and coordination level, and their spatial–temporal evolution characteristics quantitatively. Results show the following: (1) From 2008 to 2020, the average value of WLRM in the study areas is 18,200 m3/hm2, which is at a medium level, and the provinces show the characteristics of “high in the south and low in the north, with decreasing gradients”. (2) The annual average of CLUE is 0.777, which is in the medium level, and each province has the remarkable characteristics of “one high and four low”. (3) The coupling coordination degree of WLRM and CLUE is in the primary coordination level, which shows a significant positive correlation in space. In the local perspective, it shows the agglomeration characteristics of “high in the south and low in the north, nodule distribution”. In the future, the neighboring prefecture-level cities should actively build a synergistic mechanism for agricultural development, strengthen the reasonable use of water and land resources and pollution control techniques, drive the transformation of low–low aggregation areas to high–high aggregation areas, and improve the overall coordination of the study areas. This approach aims to promote the construction of ecological civilization and guarantee grain security and sustainable development of agriculture in China.

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Integrating Blue and Green Water to Identify Matching Characteristics of Agricultural Water and Land Resources in China

Cited by 11 publications

References 39 publications

Water–Land–Food Nexus for Sustainable Agricultural Development in Main Grain-Producing Areas of North China Plain

Water–Land–Food Nexus for Sustainable Agricultural Development in Main Grain-Producing Areas of North China Plain

Coupling Coordination Evaluation of Water and Soil Resource Matching and Grain Production, and Analysis of Obstacle Factors in a Typical Black Soil Region of Northeast China

Spatial–Temporal Evolution of the Coupling Coordination Degree between Water and Land Resources Matching and Cultivated Land Use Eco-Efficiency: A Case Study of the Major Grain-Producing Areas in the Middle and Lower Reaches of the Yangtze River

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