Integrating Acute HIV Infection within Routine Public Health Surveillance Practices in New York City

Bodach, Sara; Braunstein, Sarah L.; Bernard, Marie A.; Sabharwal, Charulata J.; Tsega, Adey; Shepard, Colin W.

doi:10.1177/003335491212700413

Cited by 7 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Patients were considered to have a “timely diagnosis” if the CD4+ T-cell count was ≥500/μL or if they had acute HIV infection at diagnosis. 18…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Missed Opportunities in HIV Testing in Turkiye: Implications for Late Diagnoses

Özkaya,

Elazab,

Turan

et al. 2024

JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes

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Background: Late diagnosis of HIV infection is a major global problem. In Turkiye, only 41% - 50% of people living with HIV (PLWH) are diagnosed, suggesting that many opportunities for HIV testing might be missed. Setting: The aim of this study is to determine the missed testing opportunities for HIV in healthcare settings in Turkiye and the predictors for missed opportunities (MOs). Methods: The study included patients with a new HIV diagnosis, presenting to care between January 2018 and December 2020. They were given a verbal questionnaire face to face, by a telephone call or an online meeting for visits to a healthcare setting within the year prior to their diagnosis. Electronic medical records were also examined. Results: The sample included 198 patients with at least one visit to any healthcare setting, with a total of 1677 visits. Patients had an indication for HIV testing in 51.3% (861/1677) of the visits; an HIV test was not offered in 77.9% (671/861) and was considered a MO. The highest number of MOs was in emergency departments (EDs) (59.8%) (180/301).The most common reason for visiting was constitutional symptoms and indicator conditions (ICs) (55.4%) (929/1677). University graduates and those with a CD4+T cell count <200/mm3 were more likely to have a MO. Conclusions: Many opportunities to diagnose HIV at an early stage are missed in healthcare settings in Turkiye. Considering the rapidly increasing number of new diagnoses in the last decade, urgent action needs to be taken.

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“…Patients were considered to have a “timely diagnosis” if the CD4+ T-cell count was ≥500/μL or if they had acute HIV infection at diagnosis. 18…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Missed Opportunities in HIV Testing in Turkiye: Implications for Late Diagnoses

Özkaya,

Elazab,

Turan

et al. 2024

JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes

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“…In 2008, the New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene expanded their case definition to include acute HIV infection, initially defined as any person not previously reported to surveillance with an HIV RNA level greater than 5000 copies/mL and a negative screening test within one month or observed seroconversion over a one month period [ 11 , 13 ]. Over the last few years, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) also considered several revisions of the HIV surveillance case definition [ 14 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluating New Definitions of Acute and Early HIV Infection from HIV Surveillance Data

Buskin¹,

Fida²,

Bennett³

et al. 2014

TOAIDJ

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Background : The U.S. HIV staging system is being revised to more comprehensively track early and acute HIV infection (AHI). We evaluated our ability to identify known cases of AHI using King County (KC) HIV surveillance data.Methodology : AHI cases were men who have sex with men (MSM) with negative antibody and positive pooled nucleic acid amplification (NAAT) tests identified through KC testing sites. We used KC surveillance data to calculate inter-test intervals (ITI, time from last negative to first positive test) and the serologic algorithm for recent HIV seroconversion (STARHS). For surveillance data, AHI was defined as an ITI of ≤ 30 days and early infection as an ITI ≤ 180 days or STARHS recent result. Dates of last negative HIV tests were obtained from lab reports in the HIV surveillance system or data collected for HIV Incidence Surveillance.Results : Between 2005 and 2011, 47 MSM with AHI were identified by pooled NAAT. Of the 47 cases, 36% had ITI < 1 day, 60% had an ITI < 30 days, and 70% (95% CI=55-82%) had an ITI ≤ 6 months and would have been identified as early HIV infection. Of the 47, 38% had STARHS testing and 94% were STARHS recent.Conclusion : MSM with known AHI were not identified by proposed definitions of AHI and early infection. These known AHI cases were frequently missed by HIV surveillance because concurrent negative antibody tests were not reported. Successful implementation of the revisions to the HIV staging system will require more comprehensive reporting.

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Pathophysiology of HIV and strategies to eliminate AIDS as a public health threat

Sued

Grosso

2023

Viral Infections and Antiviral Therapies

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Integrating Acute HIV Infection within Routine Public Health Surveillance Practices in New York City

Cited by 7 publications

References 28 publications

Missed Opportunities in HIV Testing in Turkiye: Implications for Late Diagnoses

Missed Opportunities in HIV Testing in Turkiye: Implications for Late Diagnoses

Evaluating New Definitions of Acute and Early HIV Infection from HIV Surveillance Data

Pathophysiology of HIV and strategies to eliminate AIDS as a public health threat

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