Integrated vertical microcavity using a nano-scale deformation for strong lateral confinement

Abstract

We report on the realization of a solid state Fabry-Pérot-like microcavity that uses a small Gaussian-shaped deformation inside the cavity to achieve strong lateral photon confinement on the order of the wavelength. Cavities with a mode volume V < 0.4 μm3 and a quality factor Q > 1000 are fabricated by means of focused ion beam milling, removing the necessity for etched sidewalls as required for micropillar cavities. Perylene-diimide dye doped polystyrene was embedded in the microcavity and probed by time-resolved microphotoluminescence. A Purcell enhancement of the spontaneous emission rate by a factor of 3.5 has been observed at room temperature.

Lasing and Macroscopic Coherence of Hybridized Modes in Coupled 2D Waveguide‐VCSEL Resonators

“…Several concepts have also been employed to restrict this in-plane component, starting from the etching of photonic wires [ 5,6 ] and micropillars [ 7,8 ] to facilitate ultra-high quality factors, to more subtle infl uences such as the deposition of patterned layers in [9][10][11] or on top of the cavity. Several concepts have also been employed to restrict this in-plane component, starting from the etching of photonic wires [ 5,6 ] and micropillars [ 7,8 ] to facilitate ultra-high quality factors, to more subtle infl uences such as the deposition of patterned layers in [9][10][11] or on top of the cavity.…”

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thickness and refractive index, respectively, 0 c is the vacuum speed of light, and k is the inplane component of the wavevector. Several concepts have also been employed to restrict this in-plane component, starting from the etching of photonic wires [ 5,6 ] and micropillars [ 7,8 ] to facilitate ultra-high quality factors, to more subtle infl uences such as the deposition of patterned layers in [9][10][11] or on top of the cavity. [ 12 ] In single photonic wires and dots, [13][14][15][16] photon and polariton lasing are investigated while periodic arrays of such patterns give rise to rich photonic potential landscapes, [17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24] offering direct observation of coherent interaction from Bragg-scattered features in the angleresolved dispersion spectrum and the formation of optical Bloch states.Numerous theoretical works predict the optical properties of 2D photonic crystals.

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Bright single photon source based on self-aligned quantum dot–cavity systems

“…The formation of lateral optical confinement via oval defect structures in quasi-planar microcavities has already been observed [16] and it is known that oval defects occur when Ga droplets are formed during MBE growth. The propagation of the dislocation of the mirror pairs through the DBR results in a natural nearly Gaussian-shaped trap structure, which was recently proposed as a new concept for lateral photon confinement [17,18]. As QDs are likely to be formed on surface dislocations, the QDs are self-aligned in the natural defect structure, which is very important as it enables scalability of the sample design.…”

“…1(c). While a deterministic fabrication of aligned QDs to random oval crystal defects is challenging as it requires a high degree of control over both, the QD nucleation and the defect formation, we would like to note that a lithographic definition of defects in the cavity layer has been demonstrated [18,19]. A combination of such a scheme with site-controlled QD growth routines would lead to a fully scalable and reproducible approach to fabricate highly efficient, quasi-planar single QD single photon sources.…”

Cavity Exciton-Polariton Condensates in Engineered Potential Landscapes at Room Temperature

“…By implementing those techniques in the optical cavity fabrication process, it is possible to tailor in-plane potentials that polaritons undergo opening a rich playground for investigating fundamental physics such the Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless (BKT) phase transitions, symmetry breaking or topological properties [68]; exploring applications such as polariton circuits [16,69] or simulating other many-body physical systems such as Ising machine [24], lattices [70,71], etc. The engineering of the in-plane potential has been realized via many static and dynamic methods (review can be found in [72]), such as semiconductors etching techniques [73], surface acoustic wave [74], spatial light modulators (SLM) for optically imprinted lattices [75], ablation of fiber in a open cavity approach [76], FIB for patterning nanostructures [77] etc. Using those techniques, several different potentials have been realized such as 1D-chain [78], line [73], square lattice [70], hexagonal lattice [79], ring [80], Kagome lattice [81], Lieb lattice [82].…”