Integrated transcriptome, proteome and single‐cell sequencing uncover the prognostic and immunological features of colony‐stimulating factor 3 receptor in pan‐cancer

Abstract

BackgroundColony‐stimulating factor 3 receptor (CSF3R) has been demonstrated to be associated with various hematological tumors, especially chronic neutrophilic leukemia; however, the detailed roles of CSF3R in other cancers remain to be explored.MethodsIn the present study, we systematically analyzed the expression profiles of CSF3R in pan‐cancer by comprehensive bioinformatics databases, such as Tumor Immune Estimation Resource, version 2 (TIMER2.0), Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis, version 2 (GEPIA2.0), etc. GEPIA2.0 was also used to analyze the relationship between CSF3R expression and patients' survival prognosis.ResultsWe found that the high expression of CSF3R was associated with a poor prognosis in the brain tumor patients, such as brain lower grade glioma and glioblastoma multiforme. In addition, we further investigated the genetic mutation and DNA methylation level of CSF3R in multiple cancers. Immune infiltration analysis showed that CSF3R expression was positively correlated with a variety of tumor‐infiltrating immune cells in most cancers. Single cell sequencing indicated that CSF3R levels were correlated with several cancer‐associated pathways, such as DNA damage, cell invasion, and stemness.ConclusionsTaken together, the role of CSF3R in multiple cancers might reveal its potential as a novel prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target for cancer patients.

Recent Advancements in Research on DNA Methylation and Testicular Germ Cell Tumors: Unveiling the Intricate Relationship

“…Moreso, its expression was positively correlated with the tumor infiltration of cancer-associated fibroblasts and dendritic cells. CSF3R was found to be associated with cancer-associated pathways, and further studies could determine whether CSF3R methylation values can be used as a prognostic marker [56]. A closely related gene, CSF1R, had previously shown prognostic value by association with poor outcome when overexpressed through hypomethylation [57].…”

“…Another pan-cancer TCGA-based study found that colony-stimulating factor 3 receptor (CSF3R) is up-regulated in TGCT, and its promoter's methylation level was found to be lower in non-seminomas compared with seminomas [56]. Moreso, its expression was positively correlated with the tumor infiltration of cancer-associated fibroblasts and dendritic cells.…”

Multi-cohort analysis reveals immune subtypes and predictive biomarkers in tuberculosis

“…Generally, TB is classified based on several criteria including clinical features, pathological presentations, Mycobacterium tuberculosis drug resistance, and molecular epidemiology 6 . Clinically, it can be divided into primary and secondary forms, while pathologically, it may manifest as caseous, infiltrative, or fibrotic TB.…”

“…The immune environment plays a critical role in the development of TB, influencing how the disease progresses 11 . After infection, the tuberculosis bacteria cause lung inflammation and immune cell buildup, creating an environment that promotes inflammation 6 , 12 , 13 . However, the bacteria also manipulate the immune response, making it harder for the body to clear them.…”