Integrated Theories of White‐Collar and Corporate Crime

Convenience in White-Collar Crime: A Case Study of Unknown Perpetrator at Popcorn Time

“…The theory of convenience is an emerging approach to cross-level deductive integration of numerous perspectives on white-collar crime (Chan and Gibbs 2020;Gottschalk 2017Gottschalk , 2019Hansen 2020;Nolasco and Vaughn 2019;Vasiu and Podgor 2019). It is a combination of many preexisting perspectives, which are relevant for selection based on their perceived commonalities.…”

“…The theory of convenience suggests that white-collar misconduct and crime occurs when there is a motive benefitting an individual or n organization, professional opportunity to commit and conceal crime, and personal willingness for deviant behavior (Chan and Gibbs 2020;Gottschalk 2017Gottschalk , 2019Hansen 2020;Nolasco and Vaughn 2019;Vasiu and Podgor 2019). The theory of convenience is an umbrella term for many well-known perspectives from criminology, strategy, psychology, and other schools of thought.…”

“…The case study in this article analyzes the court verdicts in Norway based on convenience theory. The theory of convenience suggests that white-collar crime occurs when there is a financial motive, an organizational opportunity, and a personal willingness for deviant behavior (Chan and Gibbs 2020;Gottschalk 2017Gottschalk , 2019Hansen 2020;Nolasco and Vaughn 2019;Vasiu and Podgor 2019).…”

Empirical Testing of an Integrated Criminological Theory: The Case of Deductive Convenience for White-Collar Offenders

“…Themes identified in convenience theory derive from discourse analysis of the research literature (Chan and Gibbs 2020; Garcia-Rosell 2019). Chan and Gibbs (2020) argue that criminological theorizing is typically discursive in nature. Discourse can describe a group of statements that provides a language for talking and producing a particular type of knowledge about a topic (Garcia-Rosell 2019, 1019):…”

“…Researchers have emphasized that it is difficult to test such theories empirically (e.g., Benson and Simpson 2018;Chan and Gibbs 2020;Friedrichs 2010). An example is the emerging theory of convenience, which is a deductive theory explaining white-collar offenders by their motive for financial crime, their opportunity in organizational settings, and their willingness for deviant behavior (Braaten and Vaughn 2019;Chan and Gibbs 2020;Gottschalk 2019;Hansen 2020;Kireenko, Nevzorova, and Fedotov 2019;Vasiu and Podgor 2019). Convenience theory applies the offenderbased rather than the offense-based perspective on white-collar crime (Piquero Nicole and Schoepfer 2010;Sutherland 1983).…”