Integrated sustainable anaerobic treatment for low strength wastewater

Abstract

The main objective of this study is to demonstrate and implement a cost effective system for low strength municipal wastewater treatment in rural areas. An integrated compact anaerobic treatment pilot plant unit was designed, constructed and operated for almost two years. The pilot plant consists of three successive compartments mainly; primary sedimentation (PS), packed bed up flow anaerobic sludge blanket (P-UASB) and inclined plate settler (IPS). The pilot plant was operated continuously at a hydraulic loading rate of 6m 3 /day, average organic loading rate of 2.5 kg COD/m 3 /day and average retention time of 4 hrs at the P-UASB and a total retention time 6 hrs for the integrated treatment unit. The performance of the treatment train was monitored via physico-chemical as well as bacteriological and parasitological analysis. The average removal rates of chemical oxygen demand (COD), biological oxygen demand (BOD 5 ) and total suspended solids (TSS) were 78%, 79% and 91%, respectively with corresponding average residual values of 71 mgO 2 /l, 39 mgO 2 /l and 18 mg/l. Pathogenic analysis indicated that great majorities were removed but still some residuals exist. The treated wastewater, after disinfection, was complying with the Egyptian Code for wastewater reuse in restricted irrigation. The results indicated that the total life cost of the pilot plant, during the research period, proved to be a cost-effective process for treating low strength wastewater. Keywords: low strength wastewater, anaerobic treatment, packed upflow anaerobic sludge blanket, inclined plate settler.

Degradation of ciprofloxacin by persulfate activated with pyrite: mechanism, acidification and tailwater reuse

“… 14 Nickel oxide nanoparticles could remove ciprofloxacin by adsorption, 15 but the adsorption capacity was limited and saturation tends to occur during use. Although the activated sludge process could effectively treat pharmaceutical wastewater contaminated with antibiotics, 16 this method would cause a potentially harmful situation by creating a large number of resistant bacteria and genes in the activated sludge. In recent years, advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) have received increasing attention owing to their different advantages, such as high oxidation, non-selectivity, and fast reaction rates.…”