“…However, extrapolation of the results obtained from single species test batteries to ecosystems may be limited, and multiple tests at different trophic levels are needed for meaningful results (Ahlf et al, 2002;Allan et al, 2006;Schmitt-Jansen et al, 2008;Blasco and Picó, 2009). Since the eighties some authors have suggested the importance of integrated approaches combining ecological, chemical and ecotoxicological tools as a challenging task in environmental risk assessment (Long and Chapman, 1985;Chapman et al, 1997;Ahlf et al, 2002;SchmittJansen et al, 2008;Blasco and Picó, 2009;Roig et al, 2013). One example of these integrated evaluation tools is the sediment quality triad (SQT), that is based on combination of chemical analyses, experimental laboratory toxicity tests and field observations of sediments in marine or freshwater ecosystems (Long and Chapman, 1985;Chapman et al, 1997).…”