Integrated stratigraphy of the Smirra Core (Umbria-Marche Basin, Apennines, Italy): A new early Paleogene reference section and implications for the geologic time scale

Turtù, Antonio; Lauretano, Vittoria; Catanzariti, Rita; Hilgen, F.J.; Galeotti, Simone; Lanci, L.; Moretti, Matteo; Lourens, Lucas Joost

doi:10.1016/j.palaeo.2017.08.031

Cited by 6 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 83 publications

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“…Comparison of this record with the δ 13 C record of Site 1263 showed the presence of three rather than two long‐eccentricity cycles within C23, supporting evidence for a longer duration of this chron. Similar results are also evidenced by Turtù et al () who presented data from the newly drilled Paleocene reference section of Smirra, in the Umbria‐Marche basin, showing a longer duration of Chron C23 at Smirra than indicated by the GTS2012.…”

Section: Early Eocene Chronologysupporting

confidence: 87%

Orbitally Paced Carbon and Deep‐Sea Temperature Changes at the Peak of the Early Eocene Climatic Optimum

Lauretano

Zachos

Lourens

2018

Paleoceanog and Paleoclimatol

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The late Paleocene to early Eocene warming trend was punctuated by a series of orbitally paced transient warming events, associated with the release of isotopically light carbon into the ocean-atmosphere system. These events occurred throughout the early Eocene, critically persisting during onset, peak, and termination of the early Eocene climatic optimum (EECO) and the onset of the middle Eocene cooling. Here we present a~5.2-Myr-long high-resolution benthic foraminiferal stable-isotope record spanning the peak of the early Eocene "hothouse" from Ocean Drilling Program Leg 208 Site 1263. Our new oxygen isotope record confirms the presence of short-term warming events during the peak and termination of the EECO, previously described in coeval bulk carbonate records. The degree of change between deep-sea temperature and concurrent carbon release during these events is consistent with previous findings for Eocene thermal maximum 2 to 3, suggesting that the orbitally forced processes that triggered these perturbations in the exogenic carbon pool were similar. Additionally, the long-term background carbon isotope signature reveals a rapid enrichment of up to~1.0‰ across the peak warmth of the EECO,~51.6 Ma, without a corresponding shift in the oxygen record, suggesting a decoupling from climate. We speculate that this carbon shift reflects a non-recurrent adjustment in the mean (steady) state of the deep-ocean carbon reservoir due to a significant change in carbon source/sink, the biological pump, and/or ocean circulation during the extreme greenhouse conditions of the EECO.

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Section: Early Eocene Chronologysupporting

confidence: 87%

Orbitally Paced Carbon and Deep‐Sea Temperature Changes at the Peak of the Early Eocene Climatic Optimum

Lauretano

Zachos

Lourens

2018

Paleoceanog and Paleoclimatol

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“…Here, we extend the already available cyclochronological record of the continuous Scaglia Rossa Formation by analyzing the interval spanning magnetochron C22r to C21n (ca. 50.5-47.5 Ma) in the Bottaccione section (Gubbio, Italy) and in the newly drilled Smirra core (Turtù et al, 2017). Our results, together with previous data from the Contessa Road-Bottaccione composite section (Galeotti et al, 2010(Galeotti et al, , 2017, provide a continuous 9-m.y.-long astrochronological record of the Scaglia Rossa Formation spanning from the Paleocene-Eocene thermal maximum to the lower part of C21n.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 74%

“…The Lower Eocene succession is represented by the Scaglia Rossa Formation, while the Middle Eocene is recorded by the overlying Scaglia Variegata Formation, composed of whitish to reddish marly limestones and marls with a significant increase in the siliciclastic fraction (~20%-30%). In this work, we focus on the succession recovered in hole 1, hereinafter referred to as Smirra 1, or S1, consisting of 41 m of rock drilled from the top of the exposed outcrop of the quarry, corresponding to level 0 in the log (for more details, see Turtù et al, 2017).…”

Section: Smirra Corementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Samples were drilled perpendicularly to the vertical core axis, and therefore a dip of 0° was assigned to all cylindrical samples, as downhole logs indicate that the borehole did not deviate from the vertical by more than 2°-3°. Samples were then cut for NRM analysis (for more details, see Turtù et al, 2017).…”

Section: Magnetostratigraphymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A detailed magnetic stratigraphy was obtained by identifying the characteristic remanent magnetization (ChRM). The newly produced paleomagnetic record of the S1 core, which spans from chron C21n to C23n (Turtù et al, 2017), is in good agreement with records obtained from other deep-sea cores for the same stratigraphic interval, allowing detailed comparison (Westerhold and Röhl, 2009;Galeotti et al, 2010Sexton et al, 2011). In particular, the magnetostratigraphic record from S1 is consistent with BTT, and the thickness differences between magnetozones are generally limited to ~0.5 m. A larger discrepancy is observed for magnetochrons C22r and C22n, which are respectively ~2.5 m shorter and ~1.5 m longer compared to the same magnetochrons at the BTT section (Fig.…”

Section: Paleomagnetismmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A 9 million-year-long astrochronological record of the early–middle Eocene corroborated by seafloor spreading rates

et al. 2018

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The early-middle Eocene (ca. 56-41 Ma) is recorded in the pelagic Scaglia Rossa and Variegata Formations of the Umbria-Marche Basin (central Italy). Geochemical and magnetostratigraphic alignment between the Bottaccione section (Gubbio, central Italy) and the Smirra core (Cagli, central Italy) allows us to generate a continuous and wellpreserved new record that, combined with previously published data from the same area, creates a continuous high-resolution record from the Paleocene-Eocene thermal maximum (ca. 56 Ma) to the lower part of chron C21n. Comparison with carbon isotope records from Ocean Drilling Program Sites 1258 and 1263 reveals a satisfactory match, providing further evidence of the global significance of the long-term trend and superposed perturbations captured by the d 13 C records. The identification of astronomically forced geochemical cycles allows us to develop a 405 k.y. tuned age model, thereby extending the astrochronology from ca. 56.0 to ca. 47.5 Ma. Marine magnetic anomaly profiles from major oceanic basins characterized by high seafloor spreading rates were used to independently test the astronomical polarity time scale associated with our tuning, as well as other polarity time scales. Our age model suggests the existence of periods of relatively constant seafloor spreading rates separated by rapid changes, while the other time scales generate more gradual variations and also include large and short-term deviations in spreading rates that occur simultaneously in different oceanic basins, implying errors in polarity reversal ages. The Umbria-Marche age model further contributes to the closure of the middle Eocene gap in the astronomical time scale.

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Downhole logging data for time series analysis and cyclostratigraphy

Zeeden

Ulfers

Pierdominici

et al. 2023

Earth-Science Reviews

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Integrated stratigraphy of the Smirra Core (Umbria-Marche Basin, Apennines, Italy): A new early Paleogene reference section and implications for the geologic time scale

Cited by 6 publications

References 83 publications

Orbitally Paced Carbon and Deep‐Sea Temperature Changes at the Peak of the Early Eocene Climatic Optimum

Orbitally Paced Carbon and Deep‐Sea Temperature Changes at the Peak of the Early Eocene Climatic Optimum

A 9 million-year-long astrochronological record of the early–middle Eocene corroborated by seafloor spreading rates

Downhole logging data for time series analysis and cyclostratigraphy

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