Integrated Search for Taiwan Earthquake Precursors (iSTEP)

Liu, Jann-Yenq; Tsai, Yi-Hsuan; Chen, Chieh‐Hung; Chen, Yuh-Ing; Yen, Horng Yuan

doi:10.1541/ieejfms.136.214

Cited by 13 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…We then examine the differences in corresponding reference subtracting from the observations 6 -10, 1 -5 days before and 1 -5, 6 -10 days after the earthquake, respectively. Figure 8 displays that the ion density around the epicenter area (15 -30°N, 110 -140°E) significantly decreased 1 -5 days before and after the Yilan earthquake, which generally agree with the local ground-based GPS TEC decreasing significantly 2, 4, and 5 day before the earthquake as reported by Kamogawa et al (2004), as well as the SIPs of the GIM TEC specifically appear over the epicenter 1 -5 days before, especially on 29 March 2002 (2 days before), the earthquake reached by Liu et al (2016). Nevertheless, these agreements suggest that FORMOSAT-5/AIP can be applied to detect SIPs of worldwide large earthquakes.…”

Section: Examples Using Rocsat-1/ipeisupporting

confidence: 87%

“…The AIP has a great advantage in measuring electron temperature but also more ion parameters will be cross-checked for possible mechanism correlation. Meanwhile, the FORMOSAT-5 satellite will pass over Taiwan every two days and the AIP can also collaborate with integrated Study for Taiwan Earthquake Precursors (iSTEP) to survey all possible earthquake precursors for disaster reduction (Liu et al 2016).…”

Section: Seismic Precursormentioning

confidence: 99%

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Advanced Ionospheric Probe scientific mission onboard FORMOSAT-5 satellite

Lin¹,

Chao²,

Liu³

et al. 2017

Terr. Atmos. Ocean. Sci.

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Advanced Ionospheric Probe (AIP) is a piggyback science payload developed by National Central University for FORMOSAT-5 satellite to explore space weather/ climate and seismic precursors associated with strong earthquakes. The AIP is an all-in-one plasma sensor that measures ionospheric plasma concentrations, velocities, and temperatures in a time-sharing way and is capable of measuring ionospheric plasma irregularities at a sample rate up to 8192 Hz over a wide range of spatial scales. Electroformed gold grids used in the AIP in theory construct planar electric potential surfaces better than woven grids. Moreover, a plasma injection test performed in the Space Plasma Simulation Chamber has verified that no significant hysteresis is found in current-voltage curves measured by the AIP. It indicates that the AIP can make an accurate measurement of the ionospheric plasma parameters in space. Finally, Ionospheric Plasma and Electrodynamics Instrument (IPEI) observations onboard the ROCSAT-1 satellite are applied to show that the scientific objectives of ionospheric space weather/climate and seismo-ionospheric precursors (SIPs) of the FORMOSAT-5/AIP can be fulfilled. The observations reveal that ion parameter global distributions are helpful in studying the formation and variation in temperature crests and troughs in the 2200 -2300 local time sector, as well as SIPs in the density and the velocity over the epicenter area, which are anticipated for the FORMOSAT-5 satellite orbit.

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Section: Examples Using Rocsat-1/ipeisupporting

confidence: 87%

Section: Seismic Precursormentioning

confidence: 99%

Advanced Ionospheric Probe scientific mission onboard FORMOSAT-5 satellite

Lin¹,

Chao²,

Liu³

et al. 2017

Terr. Atmos. Ocean. Sci.

Self Cite

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show abstract

“…The interactions between tectonic plates could induce variations in electric and magnetic fields [11][12][13][14]. A strong location preference of the long-duration persistence of TEC anomalies may satisfy the persistence of regional electric field and/or an atmospheric gravity wave in the ionospheric dynamo region that induce TEC anomalies over a certain location through the dynamo process [15,16].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Global Distribution of Persistence of Total Electron Content Anomaly

Sun

Liu

et al. 2019

Atmosphere

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To better understand the ionospheric morphology response to lithospheric activities, we study the global location preference of the positive and negative total electron content (TEC) anomalies persisting continuously for longer than 24 h at middle and low latitudes (within ±60° N geomagnetic latitudes). The TEC is obtained from the global ionospheric map (GIM) of Center for Orbit Determination in Europe (CODE) under the geomagnetic quiet condition of Kp ≤ 3o during the period of 2005 to 2018. There are a few (less than 4%) TEC anomalies that can persist over 24 h. The conjugate phenomenon is most significant in the eastern Asia to Australia longitudinal sector. The result shows the persistence of the positive TEC anomaly along the ring of fire on the western edge of the Pacific Ocean. The high persistence of the TEC anomalies at midlatitudes suggests that thermospheric neutral wind contributes to the anomaly formation.

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“…To enhance the iSTEP (integrated Search for Taiwan Earthquake Precursor) project established in 2003 for integrating study and test earthquake precursors (Liu et al 2016b, c), networks of 5 infrasound systems and 3 micro-barometers with a sampling rate of 1 Hz, 15 QuakeFinder systems with a sampling rate of 50 Hz, and 3 tiltmeter systems with a sampling rate of 1 Hz have been setup and operated in Taiwan. The infrasound and micro-barometer systems are used to record the atmospheric VLF (very low frequency, in the period range 0.5 -200 s) sounds.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Co-seismic geomagnetic fluctuations and atmospheric disturbances during the 2018 M 6.2 Hualien Earthquake

Chen

Liu²,

Chen

et al. 2019

Terr. Atmos. Ocean. Sci.

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The strong ground motion of 6 February 2018 M 6.2 Hualien Earthquake triggered a series of co-seismic geomagnetic fluctuations and seismo-traveling atmospheric disturbances (STADs) signatures in infrasonic waves and micro-pressures upon the seismic wave arrival. Networks of 9 QuakeFinder systems, 3 infrasound systems, 2 tiltmeters, 2 micro-barometers, and 11 co-located seismometers are used in this study. Each QuakeFinder system consists of a 3-axes induction magnetometer, an air conductivity sensor, a geophone, and temperature/relative humidity sensors. Co-seismic signatures clearly appear in the induction magnetometers, infrasound systems, and micro-barometers data. The magnetometers register both high-and lowfrequency pulsations. Geomagnetic fluctuations occur upon the seismic wave arrival but last a longer duration, while the STADs lag their co-located seismic waves by about 15 -45 s. The long-lasting fluctuations recorded by both induction and fluxgate magnetometers suggest that the ground/underground water motion play an important role, which is further conformed by low-frequency fluctuations in the tiltmeter data. In general, the amplitude of geomagnetic fluctuations decays as away from the epicenter. However, unusual large co-seismic geomagnetic fluctuations are detected over areas of the abnormal seismic intensity level and/or the magnetic underground structure with anomalously high susceptibilities.

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Integrated Search for Taiwan Earthquake Precursors (iSTEP)

Cited by 13 publications

References 38 publications

Advanced Ionospheric Probe scientific mission onboard FORMOSAT-5 satellite

Advanced Ionospheric Probe scientific mission onboard FORMOSAT-5 satellite

Global Distribution of Persistence of Total Electron Content Anomaly

Co-seismic geomagnetic fluctuations and atmospheric disturbances during the 2018 M 6.2 Hualien Earthquake

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