Integrated Safety and Security Risk Assessment Methods: A Survey of Key Characteristics and Applications

Chockalingam, Sabarathinam; Hadžiosmanović, Dina; Pieters, Wolter; Teixeira, André; Gelder, Pieter van

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-71368-7_5

Cited by 43 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 17 publications

(55 reference statements)

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“…However, in this work we focus only on analyses related to early system development stages. Chockalingam et al [57] present a survey on integrated safety and security risk assessments methods and their application domains. An overview of approaches based on attack and fault trees has been presented by V. Nagaraju et al [58].…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Safety and Security Co-Analyses: A Systematic Literature Review

Lisova

Šljivo

Čaušević

2019

IEEE Systems Journal

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Latest technological trends lead towards systems connected to public networks even in critical domains. Bringing together safety and security work is becoming imperative, as a connected safety-critical system is not safe if it is not secure. The main objective of this study is to investigate the current status of safety and security co-analysis in system engineering by conducting a Systematic Literature Review. The steps of the review are the following: the research questions identification; agreement upon a search string; applying the search string to chosen databases; a selection criterion formulation for the relevant publications filtering; selected papers categorization and analysis. We focused on the early system development stages and identified 33 relevant publications categorized as: combined safety and security approaches that consider the mutual influence of safety and security; safety informed security approaches that consider influence of safety on security; security informed safety approaches that consider influence of security on safety. The results showed that a number of identified approaches are driven by needs in fast developing application areas, e.g., automotive, while works focusing on combined analysis are mostly application area independent. Overall, the study shows that safety and security co-analysis is still a developing domain.

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Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Safety and Security Co-Analyses: A Systematic Literature Review

Lisova

Šljivo

Čaušević

2019

IEEE Systems Journal

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“…Although several methods have attempted a safety and security analysis integration, researchers have paid little attention to providing a comprehensive systems representation of CPSs for designers and risk analysts to visualize the relevant features of the system. Therefore, the field of safety analysis requires a new systems engineering representation that serves as a basis for a comprehensive safety and security risk analysis method in CPSs .…”

Section: A General Representation Of Cpss For Combined Safety and Secmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As a result, risk analysts working on multiple CPS applications require an understanding of the complex interactions and security vulnerabilities existing in general CPS features and their potential to influence safety. Although several methods in the literature have attempted a safety and security analysis integration, researchers have paid little attention to providing a comprehensive system representation of CPSs for designers and risk analysts to visualize the relevant features of the system.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Conceptualizing the key features of cyber‐physical systems in a multi‐layered representation for safety and security analysis

Guzman

Wied

Kozine

et al. 2019

Systems Engineering

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Many safety‐related systems are evolving into cyber‐physical systems (CPSs), integrating information technologies in their control architectures and modifying the interactions among automation and human operators. Particularly, a promising potential exists for enhanced efficiency and safety in applications such as autonomous transportation systems, control systems in critical infrastructures, smart manufacturing and process plants, robotics, and smart medical devices, among others. However, the modern features of CPSs are ambiguous for system designers and risk analysts, especially considering the role of humans and the interactions between safety and security. The sources of safety risks are not restricted to accidental failures and errors anymore. Indeed, cybersecurity attacks can now cascade into safety risks leading to physical harm to the system and its environment. These new challenges demand system engineers and risk analysts to understand the security vulnerabilities existing in CPS features and their dependencies with physical processes. Therefore, this paper (a) examines the key features of CPSs and their relation with other system types; (b) defines the dependencies between levels of automation and human roles in CPSs from a systems engineering perspective; and (c) applies systems thinking to describe a multi‐layered diagrammatic representation of CPSs for combined safety and security risk analysis, demonstrating an application in the maritime sector to analyze an autonomous surface vehicle.

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“…Kriaa et al [4] conducted a survey of safety and security methods and analyzed methods for industrial control systems. Various safety and security risk assessment methods, categorized according to their application domain, were reviewed by Chockalingam et al [5]. Abulamddi [6] surveyed existing methods for safety and security requirements engineering in CPSs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cybersecurity and Safety Co-Engineering of Cyberphysical Systems—A Comprehensive Survey

2020

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Safeguarding both safety and cybersecurity is paramount to the smooth and trustworthy operation of contemporary cyber physical systems, many of which support critical functions and services. As safety and security have been known to be interdependent, they need to be jointly considered in such systems. As a result, various approaches have been proposed to address safety and cybersecurity co-engineering in cyber physical systems. This paper provides a comprehensive survey of safety and cybersecurity co-engineering methods, and discusses relevant open issues and research challenges. Despite the extent of the existing literature, several aspects of the subject still remain to be fully addressed.

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Integrated Safety and Security Risk Assessment Methods: A Survey of Key Characteristics and Applications

Cited by 43 publications

References 17 publications

Safety and Security Co-Analyses: A Systematic Literature Review

Safety and Security Co-Analyses: A Systematic Literature Review

Conceptualizing the key features of cyber‐physical systems in a multi‐layered representation for safety and security analysis

Cybersecurity and Safety Co-Engineering of Cyberphysical Systems—A Comprehensive Survey

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