Integrated Role of Row Spacing and Adjuvant to Reduce Herbicide Dose in Maize Under Semi-Arid Conditions

Abstract

as an adjuvant along with weedy check in maize sown at 60 and 75 cm row spacing. Alkyl ether sulphate increased weed control efficacy (13-35%) of the pre-mixed herbicide. Herbicide along with adjuvant provided effective weed control at 60 cm as compared to 75 cm apart sown maize. The most effective control of weeds, and increase in maize grain yield (33-45% as compared to non-treated control) and net income were obtained by the pre-mixed herbicide at 539.4 g a.i. ha -1 (75% of recommended rate) with adjuvant and pre-mixed herbicide at 719.2 g a.i. ha -1 (recommended dose) without adjuvant. The results revealed that the rate of pre-mixed herbicide can be reduced by up to 25% of the recommended field rate by the addition of alkyl ether sulphate as an adjuvant at 60 cm row spacing of maize to increase maize yield and net income.Keywords: alkyl ether sulphate, economic analysis, integrated weed management, narrow row maize, reduced herbicide dose, weed control efficiency. Palavras-chave: alquil éter sulfato, análise econômica, manejo integrado de plantas daninhas, cultura de milho com espaçamento entrelinhas estreito, redução da dose de herbicida, eficiência de controle de plantas daninhas. RESUMO -Nas culturas agrícolas, o espaçamento entrelinhas e os adjuvantes desempenham um papel importante para a redução do custo do herbicida e dos danos ambientais através da redução da dose dos herbicidas aplicados. Foi conduzido um estudo de campo para avaliar o impacto de dois espaçamentos entrelinhas e da redução das doses de herbicidas juntamente com o adjuvante em

Weed infestation and its biodiversity under the influence of different herbicide variants application in maize cultivation

“…A study by Khaffagy et al [2020], in turn, reveals that the use of a dose of nicosulfuron reduced by 50% together with adjuvant did not give satisfactory results, but the application of this herbicide at a dose reduced by 25% in combination with adjuvant caused a significant reduction in weed biomass in comparison with the dose of the herbicide applied alone. Nadeem et al [2018] also demonstrated the rationale for reducing the dose of herbicide (atrazine + mesotrione + halosulfuron-methyl) by 25% applied in combination with an adjuvant. In this research, the doses of nicosulfuron reduced by 20% and 40% and applied with the adjuvants showed weed control effectiveness similar to that produced by the full dose of the herbicide in all years of the study.…”

Occurrence and management of herbicide resistance in annual vegetable production systems in North America

“…Most of this research was conducted with agronomic crops within an IWM system where practices that increase crop competitiveness are incorporated. For example, Nadeem et al (2018) showed that by reducing corn row space and proper adjuvant selection, one could decrease herbicide cost and environmental damage by reducing the herbicide application rate. Zhang et al (2000) examined previously published research on below labeled rate herbicide applications in corn, soybean, and wheat production over large geographic and temporal scales and concluded that using herbicides at below labeled rates was more successful when weed pressure was low, when done in conjunction with interrow cultivation, and when corn was grown rather than soybean or wheat.…”