Integrated Reservoir Characterization: Beyond Tomography

Abstract

In 1992, there was a collaborative effort in reservoir geophysics involving Amoco, Conoco, Schlumberger and Stanford University in an attempt to delineate variations in reservoir properties of the Grayburg unit in a West Texas CO 2 pilot at North Cowden field. Our objective was to go beyond traveltime tomography in characterizing reservoir heterogeneity and flow anisotropy. This effort involved a comprehensive set of measurements to do traveltime tomography, reflector imaging, analysis of channel waves, shear wave splitting for borehole stress estimation, seismic anisotropy, combined with 3D surface seismic and sonic log interpretation. Results are to be validated with cores and engineering data by history matching of primary, water and CO 2 injection performance. The implementation of these procedures should provide critical information on reservoir 229 heterogeneities and preferential flow directions.

Anisotropy and attenuation of crosshole channel waves from the Antrim Shale gas play, Michigan Basin

“…Previous observations of channel-waves in crosshole surveys include examples from the Ž Conoco borehole test facility, Oklahoma Liu et . al., 1991;Lines et al, 1992Lines et al, , 1995 , and Gypsy Ž test site, Oklahoma Turpening et al, 1992; . Parra et al, 1996 .…”

Toward high-definition reservoir characterization

“…Lines et all [28] shown that two different models built by Amoco and Schlumberger for the Table 1. The situation presented here is valid for 1994.…”