Integrated remote sensing and field-based approach to assess the temporal evolution and future projection of meanders: A case study on River Manu in North-Eastern India

Debnath, Jatan; Meraj, Gowhar; Pan, Nibedita Das; Chand, Kesar; Debbarma, Sagar; Sahariah, Dhrubajyoti; Gualtieri, Carlo; Kanga, Shruti; Singh, Suraj Kumar; Farooq, Majid; Sahu, Netrananda; Kumar, Pankaj

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0271190

Cited by 24 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 49 publications

(57 reference statements)

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“…The research findings shed light on the profound influence of human activities on the health and vitality of vegetation and ecosystems on a larger scale [54][55][56][57][58][59]. This emphasizes the urgency of adopting comprehensive and sustainable practices to mitigate environmental damage, while also potentially enabling nature's recovery [60][61][62].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

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Unveiling Nature’s Resilience: Exploring Vegetation Dynamics during the COVID-19 Era in Jharkhand, India, with the Google Earth Engine

Ahmad,

Gupta,

Singh

et al. 2023

Climate

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The Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has presented unprecedented challenges to global health and economic stability. Intriguingly, the necessary lockdown measures, while disruptive to human society, inadvertently led to environmental rejuvenation, particularly noticeable in decreased air pollution and improved vegetation health. This study investigates the lockdown’s impact on vegetation health in Jharkhand, India, employing the Google Earth Engine for cloud-based data analysis. MODIS-NDVI data were analyzed using spatio-temporal NDVI analyses and time-series models. These analyses revealed a notable increase in maximum vegetation greenery of 19% from April 2019 to 2020, with subsequent increases of 13% and 3% observed in March and May of the same year, respectively. A longer-term analysis from 2000 to 2020 displayed an overall 16.7% rise in vegetation greenness. While the maximum value remained relatively constant, it demonstrated a slight increment during the dry season. The Landsat data Mann–Kendall trend test reinforced these findings, displaying a significant shift from a negative NDVI trend (1984–2019) to a positive 17.7% trend (1984–2021) in Jharkhand’s north-west region. The precipitation (using NASA power and Merra2 data) and NDVI correlation were also studied during the pre- and lockdown periods. Maximum precipitation (350–400 mm) was observed in June, while July typically experienced around 300 mm precipitation, covering nearly 85% of Jharkhand. Interestingly, August 2020 saw up to 550 mm precipitation, primarily in Jharkhand’s southern region, compared to 400 mm in the same month in 2019. Peak changes in NDVI value during this period ranged between 0.6–0.76 and 0.76–1, observed throughout the state. Although the decrease in air pollution led to improved vegetation health, these benefits began to diminish post-lockdown. This observation underscores the need for immediate attention and intervention from scientists and researchers. Understanding lockdown-induced environmental changes and their impact on vegetation health can facilitate the development of proactive environmental management strategies, paving the way towards a sustainable and resilient future.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

“…The study conducted Mann-Kendall trend tests on Landsat data, uncovering temporal vegetation trends in Jharkhand [58]. Most of the region exhibited an increasing NDVI trend, except for the north western part, which displayed a decline.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unveiling Nature’s Resilience: Exploring Vegetation Dynamics during the COVID-19 Era in Jharkhand, India, with the Google Earth Engine

Ahmad,

Gupta,

Singh

et al. 2023

Climate

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“…The research findings elucidate the need for comprehensive environmental management policies to mitigate heavy metal pollution in marine and coastal ecosystems [145,146]. Based on the findings, it is clear that governments should implement policies that regulate tourism in ecologically sensitive areas by establishing carrying capacities and encouraging eco-friendly tourism [147][148][149][150]. Such sustainable tourism policies will protect natural habitats from the pressures of over-tourism and ensure that the tourism sector thrives without compromising environmental integrity.…”

Section: Policy Implicationsmentioning

confidence: 86%

Assessment of Heavy Metal Contamination in Beach Sediments of Eastern St. Martin’s Island, Bangladesh: Implications for Environmental and Human Health Risks

Bhuyan

Haider

Meraj

et al. 2023

Water

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Heavy metal pollution in marine ecosystems is an escalating environmental concern, largely driven by anthropogenic activities, and poses potential threats to ecological health and human well-being. This study embarked on a comprehensive investigation into the concentrations of heavy metals in sediment samples and evaluated their potential ecological and health risks with a focus on Eastern St. Martin’s Island (SMI), Bangladesh. Sediment samples were meticulously collected from 12 distinct sites around the island, and the concentrations of heavy metals, including Mn, Fe, Ni, Zn, Cr, Pb, and Cu, were quantified utilizing atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS). The results revealed that the average concentrations of the metals, in descending order, were Mn (269.5 ± 33.0 mg/kg), Fe (143.8 ± 21.7 mg/kg), Ni (29.6 ± 44.0 mg/kg), Zn (27.2 ± 4.34 mg/kg), Cr (8.09 ± 1.67 mg/kg), Pb (5.88 ± 0.45 mg/kg), and Cu (3.76 ± 0.60 mg/kg). Intriguingly, the concentrations of all the measured metals were found to be within permissible limits and comparatively lower than those documented in various national and international contexts. The ecological risk assessment, based on multiple sediment quality indices such as the geoaccumulation index, contamination factor, and pollution load index, indicated a moderate risk to the aquatic ecosystem but no significant adverse impact on sediment quality. Additionally, the human health risk assessment, encompassing non-carcinogenic hazard indices for different age groups, was considerably below the threshold, signifying no immediate health risk. The total carcinogenic risk was also found to be below acceptable levels. These findings underscore the current state of heavy metal pollution in Eastern St. Martin’s Island, providing valuable insights for environmental monitoring and management. While the immediate risks were not alarming, the study highlights the imperative need for sustained monitoring and the implementation of rigorous regulations to curb heavy metal pollution in order to safeguard both ecological and human health. This warrants the development of policies that are both adaptive and preemptive to ensure the sustainable utilization and conservation of marine resources.

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“…The Burhi Dihing River runs north and west, the Charaideo district lies to the south and Dihing Patkai National Park to the east. According to Koppen’s ( Oliver & Fairbridge, 1987 ) classification system, the region’s climate is sub-tropical humid and regulated by the region’s distinctive topographical features and monsoonal circulation ( Kumar & Dimri, 2018 ; Debnath et al, 2022a ; Debnath et al, 2022b ). May marks the beginning of the research site’s rainy season, which lasts through October.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Growth of water hyacinth biomass and its impact on the floristic composition of aquatic plants in a wetland ecosystem of the Brahmaputra floodplain of Assam, India

Lahon

Sahariah

Debnath

et al. 2023

PeerJ

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Inland water plants, particularly those that thrive in shallow environments, are vital to the health of aquatic ecosystems. Water hyacinth is a typical example of inland species, an invasive aquatic plant that can drastically alter the natural plant community’s floral diversity. The present study aims to assess the impact of water hyacinth biomass on the floristic characteristics of aquatic plants in the Merbil wetland of the Brahmaputra floodplain, NE, India. Using a systematic sampling technique, data were collected from the field at regular intervals for one year (2021) to estimate monthly water hyacinth biomass. The total estimate of the wetland’s biomass was made using the Kriging interpolation technique. The Shannon-Wiener diversity index (H′), Simpson’s diversity index (D), dominance and evenness or equitability index (E), density, and frequency were used to estimate the floristic characteristics of aquatic plants in the wetland. The result shows that the highest biomass was recorded in September (408.1 tons/ha), while the lowest was recorded in March (38 tons/ha). The floristic composition of aquatic plants was significantly influenced by water hyacinth biomass. A total of forty-one plant species from 23 different families were found in this tiny freshwater marsh during the floristic survey. Out of the total, 25 species were emergent, 11 were floating leaves, and the remaining five were free-floating habitats. Eichhornia crassipes was the wetland’s most dominant plant. A negative correlation was observed between water hyacinth biomass and the Shannon (H) index, Simpson diversity index, and evenness. We observed that water hyacinths had changed the plant community structure of freshwater habitats in the study area. Water hyacinth’s rapid expansion blocked out sunlight, reducing the ecosystem’s productivity and ultimately leading to species loss. The study will help devise plans for the sustainable management of natural resources and provide helpful guidance for maintaining the short- to the medium-term ecological balance in similar wetlands.

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Integrated remote sensing and field-based approach to assess the temporal evolution and future projection of meanders: A case study on River Manu in North-Eastern India

Cited by 24 publications

References 49 publications

Unveiling Nature’s Resilience: Exploring Vegetation Dynamics during the COVID-19 Era in Jharkhand, India, with the Google Earth Engine

Unveiling Nature’s Resilience: Exploring Vegetation Dynamics during the COVID-19 Era in Jharkhand, India, with the Google Earth Engine

Assessment of Heavy Metal Contamination in Beach Sediments of Eastern St. Martin’s Island, Bangladesh: Implications for Environmental and Human Health Risks

Growth of water hyacinth biomass and its impact on the floristic composition of aquatic plants in a wetland ecosystem of the Brahmaputra floodplain of Assam, India

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