Integrated Proteomics and Metabolomics Analysis of Perirenal Adipose Tissue in Obese Rabbits Treated with a Restricted Diet

Abstract

In recent years, many people have shown an excess of fat accumulation. Known as obesity, this lesion poses an increased risk for multiple diseases, such as endocrine disease, diabetes, and cancer, and has reached epidemic proportions. Accompanied by the development of obesity, concern over body image and weight loss behavior is a growing social problem and public health threat, causing concern for many health professionals. However, the consequences of rapid weight loss remain largely unclear. Here, we applied an integrated proteomics and metabolomics analysis to investigate the effects of dieting on the proteins and metabolites in obese rabbits. Our study revealed that 343 differentially expressed proteins (136 upregulated and 207 downregulated) and 150 differentially expressed metabolites (91 upregulated and 59 downregulated) were identified. These molecules are mainly involved in the biological processes, including amino acid metabolism, lipid metabolism, and membrane and cytoskeleton reconstruction. The integrated analysis found that mevalonic acid, arachidonic acid, 15(S)-HpETE, cholecalciferol, hydrocortisone, lipoxin B4, lithocholic acid, etc. were associated with multiple pathways, and they may be the key factors to fight inflammation induced by a high-fat diet (HFD). Overall, this study provides further insight into the consequences of dieting-mediated weight loss and may contribute to the prevention and treatment of obesity.

N6-Acetyl-L-Lysine and p-Cresol as Key Metabolites in the Pathogenesis of COVID-19 in Obese Patients

“…On the other hand, data showed significantly lower levels of mevalonic acid, phenol, 3,4- dihydroxymandelic acid, gallic acid, homo-l-arginine ( p < 0.05; Figures 4A–F ) in COVID-19 overweight-obese compared to COVID-19 lean patients. Interestingly, these metabolites tend to share anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant properties ( 38 ).…”

“…In parallel, our data revealed the significant decrease in homo-l-arginine, mevalonic acid, phenol, 3,4- dihydroxymandelic acid, and gallic acid plasma levels in overweight-obese COVID-19 patients. These metabolites, whether at the plasma level or as a pretreatment, are known to exhibit anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties ( 38 , 39 ). Among these, homo-L-arginine, a naturally occurring, non-proteinogenic, cationic amino acid catalyzed by the liver via glycine amidinotransferase (AGAT); an enzyme from the creatine biosynthesis pathway ( 60 ) is known to exert protective roles on the endothelial function and energy metabolic processes in different organs.…”

Alternation of the gut microbiota in metabolically healthy obesity: An integrated multiomics analysis

“…Among the 35 significantly-changed metabolites, we found changed activities of lipids molecules correlated with MHO phenotype. Dodecanedioic acid (DA), arachidic acid (AA), and mevalonic acid (MVA) are fatty acyls that may be involved in antiobesity activities, such as the inhibition of inflammation, prevention of weight gain, postponing muscle fatigue, and acceleration of fatty acid utilization ( Salinari et al., 2006 ; Shao et al., 2021 ; Ahmad et al., 2022 ). These fatty acyls were decreased in MHO mice, indicating a potential risk of weight gain and may also be involved in metabolic syndromes.…”

Profound perturbations are found in the proteome and metabolome in children with obesity after weight loss intervention

“…Research has investigated the proteomics and metabolomics of adipose tissue in obese rabbits that have experienced weight loss [ 12 ]. No studies had specifically focused on examining the metabolites, proteomics, and their interactions in children with obesity both prior to and following weight loss interventions.…”