Integrated Perspective for Effective Bioremediation

Abstract

Identification of factors which can influence the natural attenuation process with available microbial genetic capacities can support the bioremediation which has been viewed as the safest procedure to combat with anthropogenic compounds in ecosystems. With the advent of molecular techniques, assimilatory capacity of an ecosystem can be defined with changing community dynamics, and if required, the essential genetic potential can be met through bioaugmentation. At the same time, intensification of microbial processes with nutrient balancing, expressing and enhancing the degradative capacities, could reduce the time frame of restoration of the ecosystem. The new concept of ecosystems biology has added greatly to conceptualize the networking of the evolving microbiota of the niche that helps in effective application of bioremediation tools to manage pollutants as additional carbon source.

Influence of Long Term Irrigation with Pulp and Paper Mill Effluent on the Bacterial Community Structure and Catabolic Function in Soil

“…This again supports the idea that the bacterial communities in the EIFs have adapted to and are thriving due to the higher nutrient and carbon loads found in the pulp and paper effluent. This is a positive result as diversity has been linked to soil health and robustness [3], and also it seems that bacterial communities present in EIFs managing the paper mill effluent pollutants as additional carbon source [27]. It seems that the pulp and paper mill effluent has not adversely affected the soil community and in fact the structural diversity has increased.…”

Biotechnological advances in bioremediation of heavy metals contaminated ecosystems: an overview with special reference to phytoremediation

“…Acclimatization, is an additional step, has been included to treat wastewater sludge in treatment plant. Introduction of genetically modified microorganisms (Paliwal et al 2012) and metal-resistant marine bacteria (Poirier et al 2013) can also be used as advance bioremediation techniques.…”

“…Under slurry phase bioremediation, a more rapid process, contaminated soil combines with water and other additives in a large tank called a bioreactor and mixed to keep the microorganisms in contact with the contaminants in the soil to create the optimum environment for the microorganisms to degrade the contaminants. By ensuring proper sampling techniques and maintaining controlled conditions with collected core sample, the effective ex situ bioremediation can be achieved (Paliwal et al 2012). A pilot study of 6 months of biopile farming confirmed that bioaugmentation and biostimulation could enhance the bioremediation of petroleum-contaminated soil (Cheng et al 2009).…”

“…Composting involves combining contaminated soil with organic amendments such as manure or agricultural wastes. The presence of these organic materials supports the development of a rich microbial population (Paliwal et al 2012). Hydroponics is a method of growing plants using mineral nutrient solutions in water.…”

The ways to increase efficiency of soil bioremediation

“…Methyl ester derivatives from the extracted lipids are used to evaluate microbial community structure, but they may be used only in pure cultures of bacteria. Monitoring of community structure is possible by using biosensors which are specific bioactive compound emitting signals [87,88].…”